Performance assessment of sentinel-3/6 altimeter data for marine gravity recovery

• Published in: Frontiers in Marine Science
• Main Authors: Aoyu Ma, Nengfang Chao, Pengbo Qin, Cheinway Hwang, Chengcheng Zhu, Gang Chen, Zhengtao Wang, Shuai Wang
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024
• Subjects: sentinel-3/6; marine gravity anomalies; performance; South China Sea; Ross Sea; Science; Q; General. Including nature conservation; geographical distribution; QH1-199.5; The Sentinel
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1440845; https://doaj.org/article/aa648584563b41f6a7ad96e22e942ca3

High-precision sea surface height is crucial for determining the marine gravity field. The Sentinel-3/6 altimetry missions, equipped with SRAL and Poseidon-4 altimeters, provide this essential data. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessment of the Sentinel-3/6 altimeters for inverting marine gravity anomalies (MGA). In this study, we employ the inverse Venning-Meinsz method to derive nine sets of 1’×1’ MGAs in the South China Sea (SCS) and the Ross Sea (RS). Specifically, MGAs from Sentinel-3A, Sentinel-3B, Sentinel-6 SARM, Sentinel-6 LRM, HY-2A, ICESat-2, and CryoSat-2 are denoted as S3A, S3B, S6S, S6L, H2A, IS2, and CS2, respectively. MGA from the combined HY-2A, ICESat-2, and CryoSat-2 is referred to as HIC, while 3SHIC denotes the MGA from the combination of Sentinel-3/6 SARM, HY2A, ICESat-2, and CryoSat-2. We assess the performance of these MGAs using the EGM08, DTU17, SIO V32.1, and SDUST2021 gravity field models, as well as shipboard gravity across different ocean regions. Among the Sentinel-3/6 MGAs, S3B exhibits the highest accuracy in the SCS, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.277 mGal, followed closely by S3A. Conversely, S3A demonstrates the highest accuracy with an RMSE of 4.635 mGal, followed by S3B in the RS. The inversion accuracy of MGAs from S6S and S6L are comparable, though S6S outperforms S6L in the open sea. The performance of MGAs from Sentinel-3/6 matches or surpasses that of other altimetry missions during the same period. In the SCS, the best-performing MGA is 3SHIC, with an RMSE of 4.585 mGal, closely matching DTU17. However, 3SHIC exhibits superior performance in the RS with an RMSE of 4.263 mGal compared to DTU17 and SDUST 2021. Furthermore, the performance of 3SHIC, which integrates Sentinel-3/6 data, improves that of HIC by 0.74% and 3.37% in the SCS and RS, respectively. These results underscore the contribution of Sentinel-3/6 altimeters to the MGA, particularly in coastal and high-latitude regions. Integration of Sentinel-3/6 data with other altimetry ...