Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter
We conducted a shipboard observation over the Chukchi Sea and the Canada Basin in the western Arctic Ocean in September and October 2012 to obtain vertical distributions of four volatile organic iodine compounds (VOIs) in seawater. The VOIs observed in this study were iodomethane (CH 3 I), iodoethan...
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2016
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:aa295886b3ae4616b3b73ebc7893cddc 2023-05-15T14:58:10+02:00 Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter A. Ooki S. Kawasaki K. Kuma S. Nishino T. Kikuchi 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 https://doaj.org/article/aa295886b3ae4616b3b73ebc7893cddc EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/13/133/2016/bg-13-133-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 https://doaj.org/article/aa295886b3ae4616b3b73ebc7893cddc Biogeosciences, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 133-145 (2016) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 2022-12-31T10:19:18Z We conducted a shipboard observation over the Chukchi Sea and the Canada Basin in the western Arctic Ocean in September and October 2012 to obtain vertical distributions of four volatile organic iodine compounds (VOIs) in seawater. The VOIs observed in this study were iodomethane (CH 3 I), iodoethane (C 2 H 5 I), diiodomethane (CH 2 I 2 ), and chloroiodomethane (CH 2 ClI). Maximum concentrations of the four VOIs were found in the bottom layer water over the Chukchi Sea shelf, in which layer the maximum concentration of ammonium (NH 4 + ) also occurred. A significant correlation was observed between C 2 H 5 I and NH 4 + (correlation coefficient R = 0.93, P < 0.01, n = 64) and between CH 3 I and NH 4 + ( R = 0.77, P < 0.01, n = 64), suggesting that the production of these VOIs increased with the degradation of organic matter. Over the northern Chukchi Sea shelf–slope area, concentration maxima of CH I 2 , CH 2 ClI, and CH 3 I were found in the subsurface cold, dense water (CDW). A large nitrogen deficit (N deficit = NH 4 + + NO 3 − + NO 2 − −16PO 4 3− ) occurred simultaneously in this water, suggesting the production of the three VOIs in the sediment or the bottom layer water over the shelf, probably in association with the degradation of organic matter. We conclude that VOI production over the Chukchi Sea shelf can be largely attributed to the degradation of organic matter that is produced in the highly productive shelf water. High concentrations of CH 2 ClI were also found in the Alaskan Coastal Water (ACW) from the Bering Strait to the surface of the northern Chukchi slope. The VOIs that originated at the Chukchi Sea shelf are expected to be laterally transported to the Arctic Ocean basin through the CDW and the surface ACW. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait canada basin Chukchi Chukchi Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canada Chukchi Sea Biogeosciences 13 1 133 145 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 A. Ooki S. Kawasaki K. Kuma S. Nishino T. Kikuchi Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
We conducted a shipboard observation over the Chukchi Sea and the Canada Basin in the western Arctic Ocean in September and October 2012 to obtain vertical distributions of four volatile organic iodine compounds (VOIs) in seawater. The VOIs observed in this study were iodomethane (CH 3 I), iodoethane (C 2 H 5 I), diiodomethane (CH 2 I 2 ), and chloroiodomethane (CH 2 ClI). Maximum concentrations of the four VOIs were found in the bottom layer water over the Chukchi Sea shelf, in which layer the maximum concentration of ammonium (NH 4 + ) also occurred. A significant correlation was observed between C 2 H 5 I and NH 4 + (correlation coefficient R = 0.93, P < 0.01, n = 64) and between CH 3 I and NH 4 + ( R = 0.77, P < 0.01, n = 64), suggesting that the production of these VOIs increased with the degradation of organic matter. Over the northern Chukchi Sea shelf–slope area, concentration maxima of CH I 2 , CH 2 ClI, and CH 3 I were found in the subsurface cold, dense water (CDW). A large nitrogen deficit (N deficit = NH 4 + + NO 3 − + NO 2 − −16PO 4 3− ) occurred simultaneously in this water, suggesting the production of the three VOIs in the sediment or the bottom layer water over the shelf, probably in association with the degradation of organic matter. We conclude that VOI production over the Chukchi Sea shelf can be largely attributed to the degradation of organic matter that is produced in the highly productive shelf water. High concentrations of CH 2 ClI were also found in the Alaskan Coastal Water (ACW) from the Bering Strait to the surface of the northern Chukchi slope. The VOIs that originated at the Chukchi Sea shelf are expected to be laterally transported to the Arctic Ocean basin through the CDW and the surface ACW. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. Ooki S. Kawasaki K. Kuma S. Nishino T. Kikuchi |
author_facet |
A. Ooki S. Kawasaki K. Kuma S. Nishino T. Kikuchi |
author_sort |
A. Ooki |
title |
Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
title_short |
Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
title_full |
Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
title_fullStr |
Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
title_full_unstemmed |
Concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the Chukchi Sea in the western Arctic Ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
title_sort |
concentration maxima of volatile organic iodine compounds in the bottom layer water and the cold, dense water over the chukchi sea in the western arctic ocean: a possibility of production related to the degradation of organic matter |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 https://doaj.org/article/aa295886b3ae4616b3b73ebc7893cddc |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canada Chukchi Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait Canada Chukchi Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait canada basin Chukchi Chukchi Sea |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Bering Strait canada basin Chukchi Chukchi Sea |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 133-145 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/13/133/2016/bg-13-133-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 https://doaj.org/article/aa295886b3ae4616b3b73ebc7893cddc |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-133-2016 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
133 |
op_container_end_page |
145 |
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1766330252051611648 |