Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America
Atmospheric responses to sea ice retreat in the Bering Sea have been linked to recent extreme winters in North America. We investigate the leading factor for the interannual variability of Bering sea ice area (SIA) in early winter (November–December), using canonical correlation analysis based on se...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 https://doaj.org/article/a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 2023-09-05T13:18:30+02:00 Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America Takuya Nakanowatari Jun Inoue Kazutoshi Sato Takashi Kikuchi 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 https://doaj.org/article/a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 Environmental Research Letters, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 094023 (2015) sea ice Bering Sea ocean/atmosphere interactions climate change and variability tropical convection ocean predictability and prediction Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 2023-08-13T00:37:52Z Atmospheric responses to sea ice retreat in the Bering Sea have been linked to recent extreme winters in North America. We investigate the leading factor for the interannual variability of Bering sea ice area (SIA) in early winter (November–December), using canonical correlation analysis based on seasonally resolved atmosphere and ocean data for 1980–2014. We found that the 3-month leading (August–September) geopotential height at 500 hPa (Z500) in the Northern Hemisphere explains 29% of SIA variability. The spatial pattern of Z500 for positive (negative) sea ice anomalies is associated with negative (positive) anomalies over the Gulf of Alaska related to the Pacific transition (PT) pattern. The heat budget analysis indicates that summertime atmospheric conditions influence SIA through the ocean temperature anomalies of the Alaskan Coastal Current forced by atmospheric turbulent heat fluxes. The PT pattern highly correlates with convective precipitation in the western subtropical Pacific, implying that weakened subtropical forcing is the likely cause for the recent extreme winters in North America. Our results present a major factor for interannual variability in the Bering SIA, and further would contribute to the improvement of forecasting winter climate in North America. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Sea Sea ice Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific Environmental Research Letters 10 9 094023 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice Bering Sea ocean/atmosphere interactions climate change and variability tropical convection ocean predictability and prediction Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
sea ice Bering Sea ocean/atmosphere interactions climate change and variability tropical convection ocean predictability and prediction Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Takuya Nakanowatari Jun Inoue Kazutoshi Sato Takashi Kikuchi Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
topic_facet |
sea ice Bering Sea ocean/atmosphere interactions climate change and variability tropical convection ocean predictability and prediction Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
Atmospheric responses to sea ice retreat in the Bering Sea have been linked to recent extreme winters in North America. We investigate the leading factor for the interannual variability of Bering sea ice area (SIA) in early winter (November–December), using canonical correlation analysis based on seasonally resolved atmosphere and ocean data for 1980–2014. We found that the 3-month leading (August–September) geopotential height at 500 hPa (Z500) in the Northern Hemisphere explains 29% of SIA variability. The spatial pattern of Z500 for positive (negative) sea ice anomalies is associated with negative (positive) anomalies over the Gulf of Alaska related to the Pacific transition (PT) pattern. The heat budget analysis indicates that summertime atmospheric conditions influence SIA through the ocean temperature anomalies of the Alaskan Coastal Current forced by atmospheric turbulent heat fluxes. The PT pattern highly correlates with convective precipitation in the western subtropical Pacific, implying that weakened subtropical forcing is the likely cause for the recent extreme winters in North America. Our results present a major factor for interannual variability in the Bering SIA, and further would contribute to the improvement of forecasting winter climate in North America. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Takuya Nakanowatari Jun Inoue Kazutoshi Sato Takashi Kikuchi |
author_facet |
Takuya Nakanowatari Jun Inoue Kazutoshi Sato Takashi Kikuchi |
author_sort |
Takuya Nakanowatari |
title |
Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
title_short |
Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
title_full |
Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
title_fullStr |
Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
title_full_unstemmed |
Summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the Bering Sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in North America |
title_sort |
summertime atmosphere–ocean preconditionings for the bering sea ice retreat and the following severe winters in north america |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 https://doaj.org/article/a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 |
geographic |
Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska Pacific |
genre |
Bering Sea Sea ice Alaska |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea Sea ice Alaska |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 094023 (2015) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/a9d67adf125e4635970f425f90e583e4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094023 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
094023 |
_version_ |
1776199459169894400 |