Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite
Barnacles are dominant members of marine intertidal communities. Their success depends on firm attachment provided by their proteinaceous adhesive and protection imparted by their calcified shell plates. Little is known about how variations in the environment affect adhesion and shell formation proc...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a979003952654a2191172dca7c57530c 2023-05-15T17:51:06+02:00 Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite Jessica A. Nardone Shrey Patel Kyle R. Siegel Dana Tedesco Conall G. McNicholl Jessica O’Malley Jack Herrick Rebecca A. Metzler Beatriz Orihuela Daniel Rittschof Gary H. Dickinson 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 https://doaj.org/article/a979003952654a2191172dca7c57530c EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 https://doaj.org/article/a979003952654a2191172dca7c57530c Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 5 (2018) biomineralization climate change mechanical properties biofouling cement adhesive tenacity Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 2022-12-31T02:07:23Z Barnacles are dominant members of marine intertidal communities. Their success depends on firm attachment provided by their proteinaceous adhesive and protection imparted by their calcified shell plates. Little is known about how variations in the environment affect adhesion and shell formation processes in barnacles. Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 have led to a reduction in the pH of ocean waters (i.e., ocean acidification), a trend that is expected to continue into the future. Here, we assessed if a reduction in seawater pH, at levels predicted within the next 200 years, would alter physiology, adhesion, and shell formation in the cosmopolitan barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite. Juvenile barnacles, settled on silicone substrates, were exposed to one of three static levels of pHT, 8.01, 7.78, or 7.50, for 13 weeks. We found that barnacles were robust to reduced pH, with no effect of pH on physiological metrics (mortality, tissue mass, and presence of eggs). Likewise, adhesive properties (adhesion strength and adhesive plaque gross morphology) were not affected by reduced pH. Shell formation, however, was affected by seawater pH. Shell mass and base plate area were higher in barnacles exposed to reduced pH; barnacles grown at pHT 8.01 exhibited approximately 30% lower shell mass and 20% smaller base plate area as compared to those at pHT 7.50 or 7.78. Enhanced growth at reduced pH appears to be driven by the increased size of the calcite crystals that comprise the shell. Despite enhanced growth, mechanical properties of the base plate (but not the parietal plates) were compromised at the lowest pH level. Barnacle base plates at pHT 7.50 broke more easily and crack propagation, measured through microhardness testing, was significantly affected by seawater pH. Other shell metrics (plate thickness, relative crystallinity, and atomic disorder) were not affected by seawater pH. Hence, a reduction in pH resulted in larger barnacles but with base plates that would crack more readily. It is yet to be ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Marine Science 5 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
biomineralization climate change mechanical properties biofouling cement adhesive tenacity Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
biomineralization climate change mechanical properties biofouling cement adhesive tenacity Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Jessica A. Nardone Shrey Patel Kyle R. Siegel Dana Tedesco Conall G. McNicholl Jessica O’Malley Jack Herrick Rebecca A. Metzler Beatriz Orihuela Daniel Rittschof Gary H. Dickinson Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
topic_facet |
biomineralization climate change mechanical properties biofouling cement adhesive tenacity Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Barnacles are dominant members of marine intertidal communities. Their success depends on firm attachment provided by their proteinaceous adhesive and protection imparted by their calcified shell plates. Little is known about how variations in the environment affect adhesion and shell formation processes in barnacles. Increased levels of atmospheric CO2 have led to a reduction in the pH of ocean waters (i.e., ocean acidification), a trend that is expected to continue into the future. Here, we assessed if a reduction in seawater pH, at levels predicted within the next 200 years, would alter physiology, adhesion, and shell formation in the cosmopolitan barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite. Juvenile barnacles, settled on silicone substrates, were exposed to one of three static levels of pHT, 8.01, 7.78, or 7.50, for 13 weeks. We found that barnacles were robust to reduced pH, with no effect of pH on physiological metrics (mortality, tissue mass, and presence of eggs). Likewise, adhesive properties (adhesion strength and adhesive plaque gross morphology) were not affected by reduced pH. Shell formation, however, was affected by seawater pH. Shell mass and base plate area were higher in barnacles exposed to reduced pH; barnacles grown at pHT 8.01 exhibited approximately 30% lower shell mass and 20% smaller base plate area as compared to those at pHT 7.50 or 7.78. Enhanced growth at reduced pH appears to be driven by the increased size of the calcite crystals that comprise the shell. Despite enhanced growth, mechanical properties of the base plate (but not the parietal plates) were compromised at the lowest pH level. Barnacle base plates at pHT 7.50 broke more easily and crack propagation, measured through microhardness testing, was significantly affected by seawater pH. Other shell metrics (plate thickness, relative crystallinity, and atomic disorder) were not affected by seawater pH. Hence, a reduction in pH resulted in larger barnacles but with base plates that would crack more readily. It is yet to be ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jessica A. Nardone Shrey Patel Kyle R. Siegel Dana Tedesco Conall G. McNicholl Jessica O’Malley Jack Herrick Rebecca A. Metzler Beatriz Orihuela Daniel Rittschof Gary H. Dickinson |
author_facet |
Jessica A. Nardone Shrey Patel Kyle R. Siegel Dana Tedesco Conall G. McNicholl Jessica O’Malley Jack Herrick Rebecca A. Metzler Beatriz Orihuela Daniel Rittschof Gary H. Dickinson |
author_sort |
Jessica A. Nardone |
title |
Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
title_short |
Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
title_full |
Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
title_fullStr |
Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessing the Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Adhesion and Shell Formation in the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite |
title_sort |
assessing the impacts of ocean acidification on adhesion and shell formation in the barnacle amphibalanus amphitrite |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 https://doaj.org/article/a979003952654a2191172dca7c57530c |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 5 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 https://doaj.org/article/a979003952654a2191172dca7c57530c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00369 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
5 |
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1766158109188816896 |