Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population
The magnitude of an epidemic depends on host susceptibility to the disease, a trait influenced by the genetic constitution of the host and its environment. While the genetic basis of disease susceptibility is often associated with immune capacities, environmental effects generally reflect complex ph...
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2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00450 https://doaj.org/article/a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a 2023-05-15T15:58:53+02:00 Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population B Petton M Alunno-Bruscia G Mitta F Pernet 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00450 https://doaj.org/article/a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a EN eng Inter-Research https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v15/p19-33/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00450 https://doaj.org/article/a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 15, Pp 19-33 (2023) Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00450 2023-02-12T01:31:31Z The magnitude of an epidemic depends on host susceptibility to the disease, a trait influenced by the genetic constitution of the host and its environment. While the genetic basis of disease susceptibility is often associated with immune capacities, environmental effects generally reflect complex physiological trade-offs. We suggest here that in the case of obligate pathogens whose proliferation depends on the cellular machinery of the host (e.g. viruses), disease susceptibility is directly influenced by host growth. To test our hypothesis, we focussed on a viral disease affecting an ecologically relevant model exploited worldwide, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters originating from 3 lines with contrasting resistance to the disease were divided into 3 groups displaying different growth rates and acclimated to 3 food levels and 2 temperatures to generate different growth rates. These oysters were then exposed to the virus, and survival and viral shedding were measured. Finally, we developed a risk model to rank the relative importance of temperature, food, genetic selection and growth on disease-induced mortality. We found that increasing growth through temperature, food level or selection of fast-growing animals all increased mortality, especially in host populations where susceptible phenotypes dominated. Food provisioning was the most influential factor associated with higher viral shedding, followed by temperature, resistance phenotype and growth rate. We suggest that growth-forcing factors may promote the development of obligate intracellular pathogens and epidemic risk, thus opening up avenues for disease management based on the manipulation of host metabolism. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Aquaculture Environment Interactions 15 19 33 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 B Petton M Alunno-Bruscia G Mitta F Pernet Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
topic_facet |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
The magnitude of an epidemic depends on host susceptibility to the disease, a trait influenced by the genetic constitution of the host and its environment. While the genetic basis of disease susceptibility is often associated with immune capacities, environmental effects generally reflect complex physiological trade-offs. We suggest here that in the case of obligate pathogens whose proliferation depends on the cellular machinery of the host (e.g. viruses), disease susceptibility is directly influenced by host growth. To test our hypothesis, we focussed on a viral disease affecting an ecologically relevant model exploited worldwide, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters originating from 3 lines with contrasting resistance to the disease were divided into 3 groups displaying different growth rates and acclimated to 3 food levels and 2 temperatures to generate different growth rates. These oysters were then exposed to the virus, and survival and viral shedding were measured. Finally, we developed a risk model to rank the relative importance of temperature, food, genetic selection and growth on disease-induced mortality. We found that increasing growth through temperature, food level or selection of fast-growing animals all increased mortality, especially in host populations where susceptible phenotypes dominated. Food provisioning was the most influential factor associated with higher viral shedding, followed by temperature, resistance phenotype and growth rate. We suggest that growth-forcing factors may promote the development of obligate intracellular pathogens and epidemic risk, thus opening up avenues for disease management based on the manipulation of host metabolism. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
B Petton M Alunno-Bruscia G Mitta F Pernet |
author_facet |
B Petton M Alunno-Bruscia G Mitta F Pernet |
author_sort |
B Petton |
title |
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
title_short |
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
title_full |
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
title_fullStr |
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
title_sort |
increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population |
publisher |
Inter-Research |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00450 https://doaj.org/article/a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 15, Pp 19-33 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v15/p19-33/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00450 https://doaj.org/article/a8227280fd7e4c16bb05e701d2e8197a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00450 |
container_title |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
container_volume |
15 |
container_start_page |
19 |
op_container_end_page |
33 |
_version_ |
1766394665843556352 |