Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites.
Giardia duodenalis is the most common gastrointestinal protozoan parasite of humans and a significant contributor to the global burden of both diarrheal disease and post-infectious chronic disorders. Although G. duodenalis can be cultured axenically, significant gaps exist in our understanding of th...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a818c6acc3c14b329cce233e8becaa6e 2023-05-15T15:11:08+02:00 Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. Brendan R E Ansell Malcolm J McConville Louise Baker Pasi K Korhonen Neil D Young Ross S Hall Cristian A A Rojas Staffan G Svärd Robin B Gasser Aaron R Jex 2015-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 https://doaj.org/article/a818c6acc3c14b329cce233e8becaa6e EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4670223?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 https://doaj.org/article/a818c6acc3c14b329cce233e8becaa6e PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 12, p e0004261 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 2022-12-31T00:25:19Z Giardia duodenalis is the most common gastrointestinal protozoan parasite of humans and a significant contributor to the global burden of both diarrheal disease and post-infectious chronic disorders. Although G. duodenalis can be cultured axenically, significant gaps exist in our understanding of the molecular biology and metabolism of this pathogen. The present study employed RNA sequencing to characterize the mRNA transcriptome of G. duodenalis trophozoites in axenic culture, at log (48 h of growth), stationary (60 h), and declining (96 h) growth phases. Using ~400-times coverage of the transcriptome, we identified 754 differentially transcribed genes (DTGs), mainly representing two large DTG groups: 438 that were down-regulated in the declining phase relative to log and stationary phases, and 281 that were up-regulated. Differential transcription of prominent antioxidant and glycolytic enzymes implicated oxygen tension as a key factor influencing the transcriptional program of axenic trophozoites. Systematic bioinformatic characterization of numerous DTGs encoding hypothetical proteins of unknown function was achieved using structural homology searching. This powerful approach greatly informed the differential transcription analysis and revealed putative novel antioxidant-coding genes, and the presence of a near-complete two-component-like signaling system that may link cytosolic redox or metabolite sensing to the observed transcriptional changes. Motif searching applied to promoter regions of the two large DTG groups identified different putative transcription factor-binding motifs that may underpin global transcriptional regulation. This study provides new insights into the drivers and potential mediators of transcriptional variation in axenic G. duodenalis and provides context for static transcriptional studies. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 12 e0004261 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Brendan R E Ansell Malcolm J McConville Louise Baker Pasi K Korhonen Neil D Young Ross S Hall Cristian A A Rojas Staffan G Svärd Robin B Gasser Aaron R Jex Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Giardia duodenalis is the most common gastrointestinal protozoan parasite of humans and a significant contributor to the global burden of both diarrheal disease and post-infectious chronic disorders. Although G. duodenalis can be cultured axenically, significant gaps exist in our understanding of the molecular biology and metabolism of this pathogen. The present study employed RNA sequencing to characterize the mRNA transcriptome of G. duodenalis trophozoites in axenic culture, at log (48 h of growth), stationary (60 h), and declining (96 h) growth phases. Using ~400-times coverage of the transcriptome, we identified 754 differentially transcribed genes (DTGs), mainly representing two large DTG groups: 438 that were down-regulated in the declining phase relative to log and stationary phases, and 281 that were up-regulated. Differential transcription of prominent antioxidant and glycolytic enzymes implicated oxygen tension as a key factor influencing the transcriptional program of axenic trophozoites. Systematic bioinformatic characterization of numerous DTGs encoding hypothetical proteins of unknown function was achieved using structural homology searching. This powerful approach greatly informed the differential transcription analysis and revealed putative novel antioxidant-coding genes, and the presence of a near-complete two-component-like signaling system that may link cytosolic redox or metabolite sensing to the observed transcriptional changes. Motif searching applied to promoter regions of the two large DTG groups identified different putative transcription factor-binding motifs that may underpin global transcriptional regulation. This study provides new insights into the drivers and potential mediators of transcriptional variation in axenic G. duodenalis and provides context for static transcriptional studies. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brendan R E Ansell Malcolm J McConville Louise Baker Pasi K Korhonen Neil D Young Ross S Hall Cristian A A Rojas Staffan G Svärd Robin B Gasser Aaron R Jex |
author_facet |
Brendan R E Ansell Malcolm J McConville Louise Baker Pasi K Korhonen Neil D Young Ross S Hall Cristian A A Rojas Staffan G Svärd Robin B Gasser Aaron R Jex |
author_sort |
Brendan R E Ansell |
title |
Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
title_short |
Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
title_full |
Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
title_fullStr |
Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Time-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Axenic Giardia duodenalis Trophozoites. |
title_sort |
time-dependent transcriptional changes in axenic giardia duodenalis trophozoites. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 https://doaj.org/article/a818c6acc3c14b329cce233e8becaa6e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 12, p e0004261 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4670223?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 https://doaj.org/article/a818c6acc3c14b329cce233e8becaa6e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004261 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e0004261 |
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1766342033401708544 |