Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation
Variations and trends in storminess (number of storm days), and mean and maximum sea levels were analysed along the Estonian coast during the last century. An increase in storminess was detected at the Vilsandi and Sõrve stations, although inhomogeneities in the wind data make the trends less reliab...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a75f7df531244591be227c629248eb57 2023-05-15T15:10:02+02:00 Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation Jaak Jaagus Ülo Suursaar 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2013.07 https://doaj.org/article/a75f7df531244591be227c629248eb57 EN eng Estonian Academy Publishers http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2013/issue_2/earth-2013-2-73-92.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1736-4728 https://doaj.org/toc/1736-7557 doi:10.3176/earth.2013.07 1736-4728 1736-7557 https://doaj.org/article/a75f7df531244591be227c629248eb57 Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol 62, Iss 2, Pp 73-92 (2013) storm sea level acceleration atmospheric circulation climate change Baltic Sea Geology QE1-996.5 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2013.07 2022-12-31T04:43:18Z Variations and trends in storminess (number of storm days), and mean and maximum sea levels were analysed along the Estonian coast during the last century. An increase in storminess was detected at the Vilsandi and Sõrve stations, although inhomogeneities in the wind data make the trends less reliable. Mean sea level trends depend on the post-glacial isostatic land uplift, which is different in different parts of Estonia. After eliminating the influence of the uplift, the estimated sea level rise was 2.2–3.2 mm yr–1 during 1950–2011, which was higher than the global mean (1.9 mm yr–1). The majority of increases in storminess and sea level have been observed during the cold half-year (November–March). An increase in annual maximum sea level has been much higher than in mean values, which indicates a strong increase in the flooding risk. Atmospheric circulation is closely related to the frequencies of storms and high sea level events, especially during the cold season. Variables describing the intensity of zonal circulation (westerlies), such as the Arctic oscillation and North Atlantic oscillation indices, and the frequency of the circulation form W according to the Vangengeim–Girs classification are highly correlated with storminess and sea level on the Estonian coast during 1950–2011. Negative correlations appeared in case of the circulation form E and the SCAND index. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 62 2 73 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
storm sea level acceleration atmospheric circulation climate change Baltic Sea Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
storm sea level acceleration atmospheric circulation climate change Baltic Sea Geology QE1-996.5 Jaak Jaagus Ülo Suursaar Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
topic_facet |
storm sea level acceleration atmospheric circulation climate change Baltic Sea Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Variations and trends in storminess (number of storm days), and mean and maximum sea levels were analysed along the Estonian coast during the last century. An increase in storminess was detected at the Vilsandi and Sõrve stations, although inhomogeneities in the wind data make the trends less reliable. Mean sea level trends depend on the post-glacial isostatic land uplift, which is different in different parts of Estonia. After eliminating the influence of the uplift, the estimated sea level rise was 2.2–3.2 mm yr–1 during 1950–2011, which was higher than the global mean (1.9 mm yr–1). The majority of increases in storminess and sea level have been observed during the cold half-year (November–March). An increase in annual maximum sea level has been much higher than in mean values, which indicates a strong increase in the flooding risk. Atmospheric circulation is closely related to the frequencies of storms and high sea level events, especially during the cold season. Variables describing the intensity of zonal circulation (westerlies), such as the Arctic oscillation and North Atlantic oscillation indices, and the frequency of the circulation form W according to the Vangengeim–Girs classification are highly correlated with storminess and sea level on the Estonian coast during 1950–2011. Negative correlations appeared in case of the circulation form E and the SCAND index. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jaak Jaagus Ülo Suursaar |
author_facet |
Jaak Jaagus Ülo Suursaar |
author_sort |
Jaak Jaagus |
title |
Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
title_short |
Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
title_full |
Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
title_fullStr |
Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term storminess and sea level variations on the Estonian coast of the Baltic Sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
title_sort |
long-term storminess and sea level variations on the estonian coast of the baltic sea in relation to large-scale atmospheric circulation |
publisher |
Estonian Academy Publishers |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2013.07 https://doaj.org/article/a75f7df531244591be227c629248eb57 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol 62, Iss 2, Pp 73-92 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2013/issue_2/earth-2013-2-73-92.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1736-4728 https://doaj.org/toc/1736-7557 doi:10.3176/earth.2013.07 1736-4728 1736-7557 https://doaj.org/article/a75f7df531244591be227c629248eb57 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2013.07 |
container_title |
Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
container_volume |
62 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
73 |
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1766341102152974336 |