The geography of fear: a latitudinal gradient in anti-predator escape distances of birds across Europe.

• Published in: PLoS ONE
• Main Authors: Mario Díaz, Anders Pape Møller, Einar Flensted-Jensen, Tomáš Grim, Juan Diego Ibáñez-Álamo, Jukka Jokimäki, Gábor Markó, Piotr Tryjanowski
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
• Subjects: Medicine; R; Science; Q; Fid; Northern Finland
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064634; https://doaj.org/article/a7178ea83fd342f5be40fdb076f22732

All animals flee from potential predators, and the distance at which this happens is optimized so the benefits from staying are balanced against the costs of flight. Because predator diversity and abundance decreases with increasing latitude, and differs between rural and urban areas, we should expe...