Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia.
Background Brucellosis is widespread in Ethiopia with variable reported prevalence depending on the geographical area, husbandry practices and animal species. However, there is limited information on the disease prevalence amongst pastoral communities, whose life is intricately linked with their liv...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a6d4bee40516465e95ed35c41820697c 2023-05-15T15:16:43+02:00 Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. Rea Tschopp Ashenafi Gebregiorgis Yayehyirad Tassachew Henok Andualem Mahlet Osman Mulugeta Waji Waqjira Jan Hattendorf Abdulkadir Mohammed Muhammed Hamid Wassie Molla Simeneh Awoke Mitiku Henry Walke Maria Negron Melissa Kadzik Gezahegne Mamo 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/article/a6d4bee40516465e95ed35c41820697c EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/article/a6d4bee40516465e95ed35c41820697c PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009593 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 2022-12-31T05:03:38Z Background Brucellosis is widespread in Ethiopia with variable reported prevalence depending on the geographical area, husbandry practices and animal species. However, there is limited information on the disease prevalence amongst pastoral communities, whose life is intricately linked with their livestock. Methodology We conducted an integrated human-animal brucellosis sero-surveillance study in two adjacent pastoral regions, Afar and Somali region (SRS). This cross-sectional study included 13 woredas (districts) and 650 households. Blood samples were collected from people and livestock species (cattle, camel, goats and sheep). Sera were analyzed with C-ELISA for camels and shoats (sheep and goats), with I-ELISA for cattle and IgG ELISA for humans. Descriptive and inferential statistics analyses were performed. Results A total of 5469 sera were tested by ELISA. Prevalence of livestock was 9.0% in Afar and 8.6% in SRS (ranging from 0.6 to 20.2% at woreda level). In humans, prevalence was 48.3% in Afar and 34.9% in SRS (ranging from 0.0 to 74.5% at woreda level). 68.4% of all households in Afar and 57.5% of households in SRS had at least one animal reactor. Overall, 4.1% of animals had a history of abortion. The proportion of animals with abortion history was higher in seropositive animals than in seronegative animals. Risk factor analysis showed that female animals were significantly at higher risk of being reactors (p = 0.013). Among the species, cattle had the least risk of being reactors (p = 0.014). In humans, there was a clear regional association of disease prevalence (p = 0.002). The older the people, the highest the odds of being seropositive. Conclusion Brucellosis is widespread in humans and animals in pastoral communities of Afar and SRS with the existence of geographical hotspots. No clear association was seen between human and particular livestock species prevalence, hence there was no indication as whether B. abortus or B. melitensis are circulating in these areas, which warrants further molecular ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 8 e0009593 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rea Tschopp Ashenafi Gebregiorgis Yayehyirad Tassachew Henok Andualem Mahlet Osman Mulugeta Waji Waqjira Jan Hattendorf Abdulkadir Mohammed Muhammed Hamid Wassie Molla Simeneh Awoke Mitiku Henry Walke Maria Negron Melissa Kadzik Gezahegne Mamo Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Brucellosis is widespread in Ethiopia with variable reported prevalence depending on the geographical area, husbandry practices and animal species. However, there is limited information on the disease prevalence amongst pastoral communities, whose life is intricately linked with their livestock. Methodology We conducted an integrated human-animal brucellosis sero-surveillance study in two adjacent pastoral regions, Afar and Somali region (SRS). This cross-sectional study included 13 woredas (districts) and 650 households. Blood samples were collected from people and livestock species (cattle, camel, goats and sheep). Sera were analyzed with C-ELISA for camels and shoats (sheep and goats), with I-ELISA for cattle and IgG ELISA for humans. Descriptive and inferential statistics analyses were performed. Results A total of 5469 sera were tested by ELISA. Prevalence of livestock was 9.0% in Afar and 8.6% in SRS (ranging from 0.6 to 20.2% at woreda level). In humans, prevalence was 48.3% in Afar and 34.9% in SRS (ranging from 0.0 to 74.5% at woreda level). 68.4% of all households in Afar and 57.5% of households in SRS had at least one animal reactor. Overall, 4.1% of animals had a history of abortion. The proportion of animals with abortion history was higher in seropositive animals than in seronegative animals. Risk factor analysis showed that female animals were significantly at higher risk of being reactors (p = 0.013). Among the species, cattle had the least risk of being reactors (p = 0.014). In humans, there was a clear regional association of disease prevalence (p = 0.002). The older the people, the highest the odds of being seropositive. Conclusion Brucellosis is widespread in humans and animals in pastoral communities of Afar and SRS with the existence of geographical hotspots. No clear association was seen between human and particular livestock species prevalence, hence there was no indication as whether B. abortus or B. melitensis are circulating in these areas, which warrants further molecular ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rea Tschopp Ashenafi Gebregiorgis Yayehyirad Tassachew Henok Andualem Mahlet Osman Mulugeta Waji Waqjira Jan Hattendorf Abdulkadir Mohammed Muhammed Hamid Wassie Molla Simeneh Awoke Mitiku Henry Walke Maria Negron Melissa Kadzik Gezahegne Mamo |
author_facet |
Rea Tschopp Ashenafi Gebregiorgis Yayehyirad Tassachew Henok Andualem Mahlet Osman Mulugeta Waji Waqjira Jan Hattendorf Abdulkadir Mohammed Muhammed Hamid Wassie Molla Simeneh Awoke Mitiku Henry Walke Maria Negron Melissa Kadzik Gezahegne Mamo |
author_sort |
Rea Tschopp |
title |
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
title_short |
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
title_full |
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
title_fullStr |
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia. |
title_sort |
integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of brucellosis in the pastoral afar and somali regions of ethiopia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/article/a6d4bee40516465e95ed35c41820697c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009593 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 https://doaj.org/article/a6d4bee40516465e95ed35c41820697c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009593 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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