Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada
Background: Although the prevalences of infection with the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans appear to be relatively high in the Canadian North, their transmission patterns are poorly understood. Objective: To determine the detection rate and the molecular cha...
Published in: | International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2015
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a6745c48ec1e4f59b4979f2ebe760f04 2023-05-15T15:14:23+02:00 Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada Asma Iqbal David M. Goldfarb Robert Slinger Brent R. Dixon 2015-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 https://doaj.org/article/a6745c48ec1e4f59b4979f2ebe760f04 EN eng Taylor & Francis Group http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/view/27713/pdf_25 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 2242-3982 doi:10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 https://doaj.org/article/a6745c48ec1e4f59b4979f2ebe760f04 International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 74, Iss 0, Pp 1-9 (2015) parasites Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia duodenalis diarrhoea Nunavut Canadian North microscopy PCR genotyping Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 2022-12-31T03:24:56Z Background: Although the prevalences of infection with the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans appear to be relatively high in the Canadian North, their transmission patterns are poorly understood. Objective: To determine the detection rate and the molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani (Baffin Island) Region of Nunavut, Canada, in order to better understand the burden of illness and the potential mechanisms of transmission. Study design/methods: Diarrhoeal stool specimens (n=108) submitted to the Qikiqtani General Hospital for clinical testing were also tested for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis using epifluorescence microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were performed on PCR-positive specimens to determine the species, genotypes and sub-genotypes of the parasites. Results: Cryptosporidium was detected in 15.7% of the diarrhoeic patients, while Giardia was detected in 4.6%. DNA sequencing of a fragment of the small subunit rRNA gene indicated that all of the Cryptosporidium amplicons had a 100% homology to C. parvum, and a gp60 assay showed that all aligned with C. parvum sub-genotype IIa. Microsatellite analysis revealed 3 cases of sub-genotype IIaA15G2R1, 2 of IIaA15G1R and 1 case each of sub-genotypes IIaA16G1R1 and IIaA15R1. For Giardia, results based on the amplification of both the 16S rRNA gene and the gdh gene were generally in agreement, and both DNA sequencing and RFLP demonstrated the presence of the G. duodenalis Assemblage B genotype. Conclusions: Both C. parvum and G. duodenalis Assemblage B were present in human diarrhoeal stool specimens from Nunavut, which was suggestive of zoonotic transmission, although human-to-human transmission cannot be ruled out. To fully understand the public health significance of the different Cryptosporidium and Giardia species and genotypes in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Baffin Island Baffin Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health Nunavut Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Baffin Island Canada Nunavut International Journal of Circumpolar Health 74 1 27713 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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parasites Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia duodenalis diarrhoea Nunavut Canadian North microscopy PCR genotyping Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
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parasites Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia duodenalis diarrhoea Nunavut Canadian North microscopy PCR genotyping Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Asma Iqbal David M. Goldfarb Robert Slinger Brent R. Dixon Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
topic_facet |
parasites Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia duodenalis diarrhoea Nunavut Canadian North microscopy PCR genotyping Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Background: Although the prevalences of infection with the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans appear to be relatively high in the Canadian North, their transmission patterns are poorly understood. Objective: To determine the detection rate and the molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani (Baffin Island) Region of Nunavut, Canada, in order to better understand the burden of illness and the potential mechanisms of transmission. Study design/methods: Diarrhoeal stool specimens (n=108) submitted to the Qikiqtani General Hospital for clinical testing were also tested for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis using epifluorescence microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were performed on PCR-positive specimens to determine the species, genotypes and sub-genotypes of the parasites. Results: Cryptosporidium was detected in 15.7% of the diarrhoeic patients, while Giardia was detected in 4.6%. DNA sequencing of a fragment of the small subunit rRNA gene indicated that all of the Cryptosporidium amplicons had a 100% homology to C. parvum, and a gp60 assay showed that all aligned with C. parvum sub-genotype IIa. Microsatellite analysis revealed 3 cases of sub-genotype IIaA15G2R1, 2 of IIaA15G1R and 1 case each of sub-genotypes IIaA16G1R1 and IIaA15R1. For Giardia, results based on the amplification of both the 16S rRNA gene and the gdh gene were generally in agreement, and both DNA sequencing and RFLP demonstrated the presence of the G. duodenalis Assemblage B genotype. Conclusions: Both C. parvum and G. duodenalis Assemblage B were present in human diarrhoeal stool specimens from Nunavut, which was suggestive of zoonotic transmission, although human-to-human transmission cannot be ruled out. To fully understand the public health significance of the different Cryptosporidium and Giardia species and genotypes in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Asma Iqbal David M. Goldfarb Robert Slinger Brent R. Dixon |
author_facet |
Asma Iqbal David M. Goldfarb Robert Slinger Brent R. Dixon |
author_sort |
Asma Iqbal |
title |
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
title_short |
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
title_full |
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the Qikiqtani Region, Nunavut, Canada |
title_sort |
prevalence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. and giardia duodenalis in diarrhoeic patients in the qikiqtani region, nunavut, canada |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 https://doaj.org/article/a6745c48ec1e4f59b4979f2ebe760f04 |
geographic |
Arctic Baffin Island Canada Nunavut |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Baffin Island Canada Nunavut |
genre |
Arctic Baffin Island Baffin Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health Nunavut |
genre_facet |
Arctic Baffin Island Baffin Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health Nunavut |
op_source |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 74, Iss 0, Pp 1-9 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.circumpolarhealthjournal.net/index.php/ijch/article/view/27713/pdf_25 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 2242-3982 doi:10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 https://doaj.org/article/a6745c48ec1e4f59b4979f2ebe760f04 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v74.27713 |
container_title |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
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74 |
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1 |
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27713 |
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1766344843542396928 |