Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities
Microbial communities have inherently high levels of metabolic flexibility and functional redundancy, yet the structure of microbial communities can change rapidly with environmental perturbation. To understand whether such changes observed at the taxonomic level translate into differences at the fu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a55853dd0e6048969e92fc074aec34e4 2023-05-15T13:30:24+02:00 Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities Maria-Luisa Avila-Jimenez Gavin Burns Zhili He Jizhong Zhou Andrew Hodson Jose-Luis Avila-Jimenez David Pearce 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060951 https://doaj.org/article/a55853dd0e6048969e92fc074aec34e4 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/6/951 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms8060951 2076-2607 https://doaj.org/article/a55853dd0e6048969e92fc074aec34e4 Microorganisms, Vol 8, Iss 951, p 951 (2020) resilience functional diversity redundancy Antarctic bacteria stability Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060951 2022-12-31T00:10:09Z Microbial communities have inherently high levels of metabolic flexibility and functional redundancy, yet the structure of microbial communities can change rapidly with environmental perturbation. To understand whether such changes observed at the taxonomic level translate into differences at the functional level, we analyzed the structure of taxonomic and functional gene distribution across Arctic and Antarctic locations. Taxonomic diversity (in terms of alpha diversity and species richness) differed significantly with location. However, we found that functional genes distributed evenly across bacterial networks and that this functional distribution was also even across different geographic locations. For example, on average 15% of the functional genes were related to carbon cycling across all bacterial networks, slightly over 21% of the genes were stress-related and only 0.5% of the genes were linked to carbon degradation functions. In such a distribution, each bacterial network includes all of the functional groups distributed following the same proportions. However, the total number of functional genes that is included in each bacterial network differs, with some clusters including many more genes than others. We found that the proportion of times a specific gene must occur to be linked to a specific cluster is 8%, meaning the relationship between the total number of genes in the cluster and the number of genes per function follows a linear pattern: smaller clusters require a gene to appear less frequently to get fixed within the cluster, while larger clusters require higher gene frequencies. We suggest that this mechanism of functional association between equally rare or equally abundant genes could have implications for ecological resilience, as non-dominant genes also associate in fully functioning ecological networks, potentially suggesting that there are always pre-existing functional networks available to exploit new ecological niches (where they can become dominant) as they emerge; for example, in the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Arctic Microorganisms 8 6 951 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
resilience functional diversity redundancy Antarctic bacteria stability Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
resilience functional diversity redundancy Antarctic bacteria stability Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Maria-Luisa Avila-Jimenez Gavin Burns Zhili He Jizhong Zhou Andrew Hodson Jose-Luis Avila-Jimenez David Pearce Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
topic_facet |
resilience functional diversity redundancy Antarctic bacteria stability Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Microbial communities have inherently high levels of metabolic flexibility and functional redundancy, yet the structure of microbial communities can change rapidly with environmental perturbation. To understand whether such changes observed at the taxonomic level translate into differences at the functional level, we analyzed the structure of taxonomic and functional gene distribution across Arctic and Antarctic locations. Taxonomic diversity (in terms of alpha diversity and species richness) differed significantly with location. However, we found that functional genes distributed evenly across bacterial networks and that this functional distribution was also even across different geographic locations. For example, on average 15% of the functional genes were related to carbon cycling across all bacterial networks, slightly over 21% of the genes were stress-related and only 0.5% of the genes were linked to carbon degradation functions. In such a distribution, each bacterial network includes all of the functional groups distributed following the same proportions. However, the total number of functional genes that is included in each bacterial network differs, with some clusters including many more genes than others. We found that the proportion of times a specific gene must occur to be linked to a specific cluster is 8%, meaning the relationship between the total number of genes in the cluster and the number of genes per function follows a linear pattern: smaller clusters require a gene to appear less frequently to get fixed within the cluster, while larger clusters require higher gene frequencies. We suggest that this mechanism of functional association between equally rare or equally abundant genes could have implications for ecological resilience, as non-dominant genes also associate in fully functioning ecological networks, potentially suggesting that there are always pre-existing functional networks available to exploit new ecological niches (where they can become dominant) as they emerge; for example, in the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Maria-Luisa Avila-Jimenez Gavin Burns Zhili He Jizhong Zhou Andrew Hodson Jose-Luis Avila-Jimenez David Pearce |
author_facet |
Maria-Luisa Avila-Jimenez Gavin Burns Zhili He Jizhong Zhou Andrew Hodson Jose-Luis Avila-Jimenez David Pearce |
author_sort |
Maria-Luisa Avila-Jimenez |
title |
Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
title_short |
Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
title_full |
Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
title_fullStr |
Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Functional Associations and Resilience in Microbial Communities |
title_sort |
functional associations and resilience in microbial communities |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060951 https://doaj.org/article/a55853dd0e6048969e92fc074aec34e4 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic |
op_source |
Microorganisms, Vol 8, Iss 951, p 951 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/6/951 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms8060951 2076-2607 https://doaj.org/article/a55853dd0e6048969e92fc074aec34e4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060951 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
951 |
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1766007938680356864 |