Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring
During a cruise from October to November 2019, along the West Antarctic Peninsula, between 64.32 and 68.37°S, we assessed the diversity and composition of the active microbial eukaryotic community within three size fractions: micro- (> 20 μm), nano- (20–5 μm), and pico-size fractions (5–0.2 μm)....
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2022
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a555d6d07d6a498ca1e5fe21aebf3aef 2023-05-15T14:04:12+02:00 Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring Jean-David Grattepanche Wade H. Jeffrey Rebecca J. Gast Robert W. Sanders 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 https://doaj.org/article/a555d6d07d6a498ca1e5fe21aebf3aef EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 https://doaj.org/article/a555d6d07d6a498ca1e5fe21aebf3aef Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 13 (2022) picoplankton nanoplankton microplankton Antarctic protists high-throughput sequencing RNA community Microbiology QR1-502 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 2022-12-30T23:31:53Z During a cruise from October to November 2019, along the West Antarctic Peninsula, between 64.32 and 68.37°S, we assessed the diversity and composition of the active microbial eukaryotic community within three size fractions: micro- (> 20 μm), nano- (20–5 μm), and pico-size fractions (5–0.2 μm). The communities and the environmental parameters displayed latitudinal gradients, and we observed a strong similarity in the microbial eukaryotic communities as well as the environmental parameters between the sub-surface and the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) depths. Chlorophyll concentrations were low, and the mixed layer was shallow for most of the 17 stations sampled. The richness of the microplankton was higher in Marguerite Bay (our southernmost stations), compared to more northern stations, while the diversity for the nano- and pico-plankton was relatively stable across latitude. The microplankton communities were dominated by autotrophs, mostly diatoms, while mixotrophs (phototrophs-consuming bacteria and kleptoplastidic ciliates, mostly alveolates, and cryptophytes) were the most abundant and active members of the nano- and picoplankton communities. While phototrophy was the dominant trophic mode, heterotrophy (mixotrophy, phagotrophy, and parasitism) tended to increase southward. The samples from Marguerite Bay showed a distinct community with a high diversity of nanoplankton predators, including spirotrich ciliates, and dinoflagellates, while cryptophytes were observed elsewhere. Some lineages were significantly related—either positively or negatively—to ice coverage (e.g., positive for Pelagophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea) and temperature (e.g., positive for Cryptophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea). This suggests that climate changes will have a strong impact on the microbial eukaryotic community. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Marguerite ENVELOPE(141.378,141.378,-66.787,-66.787) Marguerite Bay ENVELOPE(-68.000,-68.000,-68.500,-68.500) Frontiers in Microbiology 13 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
picoplankton nanoplankton microplankton Antarctic protists high-throughput sequencing RNA community Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
picoplankton nanoplankton microplankton Antarctic protists high-throughput sequencing RNA community Microbiology QR1-502 Jean-David Grattepanche Wade H. Jeffrey Rebecca J. Gast Robert W. Sanders Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
topic_facet |
picoplankton nanoplankton microplankton Antarctic protists high-throughput sequencing RNA community Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
During a cruise from October to November 2019, along the West Antarctic Peninsula, between 64.32 and 68.37°S, we assessed the diversity and composition of the active microbial eukaryotic community within three size fractions: micro- (> 20 μm), nano- (20–5 μm), and pico-size fractions (5–0.2 μm). The communities and the environmental parameters displayed latitudinal gradients, and we observed a strong similarity in the microbial eukaryotic communities as well as the environmental parameters between the sub-surface and the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) depths. Chlorophyll concentrations were low, and the mixed layer was shallow for most of the 17 stations sampled. The richness of the microplankton was higher in Marguerite Bay (our southernmost stations), compared to more northern stations, while the diversity for the nano- and pico-plankton was relatively stable across latitude. The microplankton communities were dominated by autotrophs, mostly diatoms, while mixotrophs (phototrophs-consuming bacteria and kleptoplastidic ciliates, mostly alveolates, and cryptophytes) were the most abundant and active members of the nano- and picoplankton communities. While phototrophy was the dominant trophic mode, heterotrophy (mixotrophy, phagotrophy, and parasitism) tended to increase southward. The samples from Marguerite Bay showed a distinct community with a high diversity of nanoplankton predators, including spirotrich ciliates, and dinoflagellates, while cryptophytes were observed elsewhere. Some lineages were significantly related—either positively or negatively—to ice coverage (e.g., positive for Pelagophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea) and temperature (e.g., positive for Cryptophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea). This suggests that climate changes will have a strong impact on the microbial eukaryotic community. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jean-David Grattepanche Wade H. Jeffrey Rebecca J. Gast Robert W. Sanders |
author_facet |
Jean-David Grattepanche Wade H. Jeffrey Rebecca J. Gast Robert W. Sanders |
author_sort |
Jean-David Grattepanche |
title |
Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
title_short |
Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
title_full |
Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
title_fullStr |
Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring |
title_sort |
diversity of microbial eukaryotes along the west antarctic peninsula in austral spring |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 https://doaj.org/article/a555d6d07d6a498ca1e5fe21aebf3aef |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.378,141.378,-66.787,-66.787) ENVELOPE(-68.000,-68.000,-68.500,-68.500) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Marguerite Marguerite Bay |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Marguerite Marguerite Bay |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 13 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 https://doaj.org/article/a555d6d07d6a498ca1e5fe21aebf3aef |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
13 |
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1766275218595119104 |