Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice
We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the presence of sea i...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 https://doaj.org/article/a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 2023-05-15T13:48:15+02:00 Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice Ali Ramadhan John Marshall Gianluca Meneghello Lodovica Illari Kevin Speer 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 https://doaj.org/article/a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 https://doaj.org/article/a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 9 (2022) Southern Ocean Antarctica physical oceanography sea ice meridional overturning circulation Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 2022-12-31T02:30:33Z We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the presence of sea ice, the stress imparted to the underlying ocean is computed from satellite observations of daily ice concentration and drift velocity assuming, first, that the ocean geostrophic currents beneath are negligible, and then including surface geostrophic ocean currents inferred from satellite altimetry. In this way maps of surface ocean stress in the SIZ are obtained. The maps are discussed and interpreted, and their importance in setting the circulation emphasised. Just as in parallel observational studies in the Arctic, we find that ocean currents significantly modify the stress field, the sense of the surface ageostrophic flow and thus pathways of exchange across the SIZ. Maps of Ekman pumping reveal broad patterns of upwelling within the SIZ enhanced near the sea ice edge, which are offset by strong narrow downwelling regions adjacent to the Antarctic continent. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Frontiers in Marine Science 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean Antarctica physical oceanography sea ice meridional overturning circulation Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean Antarctica physical oceanography sea ice meridional overturning circulation Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Ali Ramadhan John Marshall Gianluca Meneghello Lodovica Illari Kevin Speer Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean Antarctica physical oceanography sea ice meridional overturning circulation Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the presence of sea ice, the stress imparted to the underlying ocean is computed from satellite observations of daily ice concentration and drift velocity assuming, first, that the ocean geostrophic currents beneath are negligible, and then including surface geostrophic ocean currents inferred from satellite altimetry. In this way maps of surface ocean stress in the SIZ are obtained. The maps are discussed and interpreted, and their importance in setting the circulation emphasised. Just as in parallel observational studies in the Arctic, we find that ocean currents significantly modify the stress field, the sense of the surface ageostrophic flow and thus pathways of exchange across the SIZ. Maps of Ekman pumping reveal broad patterns of upwelling within the SIZ enhanced near the sea ice edge, which are offset by strong narrow downwelling regions adjacent to the Antarctic continent. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ali Ramadhan John Marshall Gianluca Meneghello Lodovica Illari Kevin Speer |
author_facet |
Ali Ramadhan John Marshall Gianluca Meneghello Lodovica Illari Kevin Speer |
author_sort |
Ali Ramadhan |
title |
Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
title_short |
Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
title_full |
Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
title_fullStr |
Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
title_sort |
observations of upwelling and downwelling around antarctica mediated by sea ice |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 https://doaj.org/article/a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 9 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 https://doaj.org/article/a4bbae1841564ae0a3138a6be79ade93 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
9 |
_version_ |
1766249027654909952 |