The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica
Single-column sea ice models are used to focus on the thermodynamic evolution of the ice. Generally, these models are forced by atmospheric reanalysis in the absence of atmospheric in situ observations. Here we assess the sea ice thickness simulated by a single-column model (ICEPACK) with in situ ob...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a34e92cbaa0a452b95cb736729723d30 2023-05-15T14:04:32+02:00 The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica F. Gu Q. Yang F. Kauker C. Liu G. Hao C.-Y. Yang J. Liu P. Heil X. Li B. Han 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 https://doaj.org/article/a34e92cbaa0a452b95cb736729723d30 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/1873/2022/tc-16-1873-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/a34e92cbaa0a452b95cb736729723d30 The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 1873-1887 (2022) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 2022-12-31T02:39:12Z Single-column sea ice models are used to focus on the thermodynamic evolution of the ice. Generally, these models are forced by atmospheric reanalysis in the absence of atmospheric in situ observations. Here we assess the sea ice thickness simulated by a single-column model (ICEPACK) with in situ observations obtained off Zhongshan Station for the austral winter of 2016. In the reanalysis, the surface air temperature is about 1 ∘ C lower, the total precipitation is about 2 mm d −1 greater, and the surface wind speed is about 2 m s −1 higher compared to the in situ observations. We designed sensitivity experiments to evaluate the simulation bias in sea ice thickness due to the uncertainty in the individual atmospheric forcing variables. Our results show that the unrealistic precipitation in the reanalysis leads to a bias of 14.5 cm in sea ice thickness and 17.3 cm in snow depth. In addition, our data show that increasing snow depth works to gradually inhibit the growth of sea ice associated with thermal blanketing by the snow due to changing the vertical heat flux. Conversely, given suitable conditions, the sea ice thickness may grow suddenly when the snow load gives rise to flooding and leads to snow-ice formation. However, there are still uncertainties related to the model results because superimposed ice and snowdrift are not implemented in the version of the ice model used and because snow-ice formation might be overestimated at locations with landfast sea ice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Austral Zhongshan ENVELOPE(76.371,76.371,-69.373,-69.373) Zhongshan Station ENVELOPE(76.371,76.371,-69.373,-69.373) The Cryosphere 16 5 1873 1887 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 F. Gu Q. Yang F. Kauker C. Liu G. Hao C.-Y. Yang J. Liu P. Heil X. Li B. Han The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Single-column sea ice models are used to focus on the thermodynamic evolution of the ice. Generally, these models are forced by atmospheric reanalysis in the absence of atmospheric in situ observations. Here we assess the sea ice thickness simulated by a single-column model (ICEPACK) with in situ observations obtained off Zhongshan Station for the austral winter of 2016. In the reanalysis, the surface air temperature is about 1 ∘ C lower, the total precipitation is about 2 mm d −1 greater, and the surface wind speed is about 2 m s −1 higher compared to the in situ observations. We designed sensitivity experiments to evaluate the simulation bias in sea ice thickness due to the uncertainty in the individual atmospheric forcing variables. Our results show that the unrealistic precipitation in the reanalysis leads to a bias of 14.5 cm in sea ice thickness and 17.3 cm in snow depth. In addition, our data show that increasing snow depth works to gradually inhibit the growth of sea ice associated with thermal blanketing by the snow due to changing the vertical heat flux. Conversely, given suitable conditions, the sea ice thickness may grow suddenly when the snow load gives rise to flooding and leads to snow-ice formation. However, there are still uncertainties related to the model results because superimposed ice and snowdrift are not implemented in the version of the ice model used and because snow-ice formation might be overestimated at locations with landfast sea ice. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
F. Gu Q. Yang F. Kauker C. Liu G. Hao C.-Y. Yang J. Liu P. Heil X. Li B. Han |
author_facet |
F. Gu Q. Yang F. Kauker C. Liu G. Hao C.-Y. Yang J. Liu P. Heil X. Li B. Han |
author_sort |
F. Gu |
title |
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
title_short |
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
title_full |
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
The sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica |
title_sort |
sensitivity of landfast sea ice to atmospheric forcing in single-column model simulations: a case study at zhongshan station, antarctica |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 https://doaj.org/article/a34e92cbaa0a452b95cb736729723d30 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(76.371,76.371,-69.373,-69.373) ENVELOPE(76.371,76.371,-69.373,-69.373) |
geographic |
Austral Zhongshan Zhongshan Station |
geographic_facet |
Austral Zhongshan Zhongshan Station |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 1873-1887 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/1873/2022/tc-16-1873-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/a34e92cbaa0a452b95cb736729723d30 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1873-2022 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1873 |
op_container_end_page |
1887 |
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1766275697912840192 |