Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes
Ancient DNA (aDNA) approaches have been successfully used to infer the long-term impacts of climate change, domestication, and human exploitation in a range of terrestrial species. Nonetheless, studies investigating such impacts using aDNA in marine species are rare. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), is...
Published in: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 https://doaj.org/article/a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 2023-05-15T15:26:35+02:00 Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes Lourdes Martínez-García Giada Ferrari Tom Oosting Rachel Ballantyne Inge van der Jagt Ingrid Ystgaard Jennifer Harland Rebecca Nicholson Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Helle Tessand Baalsrud Marine Servane Ono Brieuc Lane M. Atmore Finlay Burns Ulrich Schmölcke Kjetill S. Jakobsen Sissel Jentoft David Orton Anne Karin Hufthammer James H. Barrett Bastiaan Star 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 https://doaj.org/article/a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-701X 2296-701X doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 https://doaj.org/article/a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9 (2021) population structure fisheries human exploitation phylogenomics population expansion demographic history Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 2022-12-31T13:11:54Z Ancient DNA (aDNA) approaches have been successfully used to infer the long-term impacts of climate change, domestication, and human exploitation in a range of terrestrial species. Nonetheless, studies investigating such impacts using aDNA in marine species are rare. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), is an economically important species that has experienced dramatic census population declines during the last century. Here, we investigated 48 ancient mitogenomes from historical specimens obtained from a range of archeological excavations in northern Europe dated up to 6,500 BCE. We compare these mitogenomes to those of 496 modern conspecifics sampled across the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Our results confirm earlier observations of high levels of mitogenomic variation and a lack of mutation-drift equilibrium—suggestive of population expansion. Furthermore, our temporal comparison yields no evidence of measurable mitogenomic changes through time. Instead, our results indicate that mitogenomic variation in Atlantic cod reflects past demographic processes driven by major historical events (such as oscillations in sea level) and subsequent gene flow rather than contemporary fluctuations in stock abundance. Our results indicate that historical and contemporaneous anthropogenic pressures such as commercial fisheries have had little impact on mitogenomic diversity in a wide-spread marine species with high gene flow such as Atlantic cod. These observations do not contradict evidence that overfishing has had negative consequences for the abundance of Atlantic cod and the importance of genetic variation in implementing conservation strategies. Instead, these observations imply that any measures toward the demographic recovery of Atlantic cod in the eastern Atlantic, will not be constrained by recent loss of historical mitogenomic variation. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 9 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
population structure fisheries human exploitation phylogenomics population expansion demographic history Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
population structure fisheries human exploitation phylogenomics population expansion demographic history Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 Lourdes Martínez-García Giada Ferrari Tom Oosting Rachel Ballantyne Inge van der Jagt Ingrid Ystgaard Jennifer Harland Rebecca Nicholson Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Helle Tessand Baalsrud Marine Servane Ono Brieuc Lane M. Atmore Finlay Burns Ulrich Schmölcke Kjetill S. Jakobsen Sissel Jentoft David Orton Anne Karin Hufthammer James H. Barrett Bastiaan Star Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
topic_facet |
population structure fisheries human exploitation phylogenomics population expansion demographic history Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Ancient DNA (aDNA) approaches have been successfully used to infer the long-term impacts of climate change, domestication, and human exploitation in a range of terrestrial species. Nonetheless, studies investigating such impacts using aDNA in marine species are rare. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), is an economically important species that has experienced dramatic census population declines during the last century. Here, we investigated 48 ancient mitogenomes from historical specimens obtained from a range of archeological excavations in northern Europe dated up to 6,500 BCE. We compare these mitogenomes to those of 496 modern conspecifics sampled across the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Our results confirm earlier observations of high levels of mitogenomic variation and a lack of mutation-drift equilibrium—suggestive of population expansion. Furthermore, our temporal comparison yields no evidence of measurable mitogenomic changes through time. Instead, our results indicate that mitogenomic variation in Atlantic cod reflects past demographic processes driven by major historical events (such as oscillations in sea level) and subsequent gene flow rather than contemporary fluctuations in stock abundance. Our results indicate that historical and contemporaneous anthropogenic pressures such as commercial fisheries have had little impact on mitogenomic diversity in a wide-spread marine species with high gene flow such as Atlantic cod. These observations do not contradict evidence that overfishing has had negative consequences for the abundance of Atlantic cod and the importance of genetic variation in implementing conservation strategies. Instead, these observations imply that any measures toward the demographic recovery of Atlantic cod in the eastern Atlantic, will not be constrained by recent loss of historical mitogenomic variation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lourdes Martínez-García Giada Ferrari Tom Oosting Rachel Ballantyne Inge van der Jagt Ingrid Ystgaard Jennifer Harland Rebecca Nicholson Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Helle Tessand Baalsrud Marine Servane Ono Brieuc Lane M. Atmore Finlay Burns Ulrich Schmölcke Kjetill S. Jakobsen Sissel Jentoft David Orton Anne Karin Hufthammer James H. Barrett Bastiaan Star |
author_facet |
Lourdes Martínez-García Giada Ferrari Tom Oosting Rachel Ballantyne Inge van der Jagt Ingrid Ystgaard Jennifer Harland Rebecca Nicholson Sheila Hamilton-Dyer Helle Tessand Baalsrud Marine Servane Ono Brieuc Lane M. Atmore Finlay Burns Ulrich Schmölcke Kjetill S. Jakobsen Sissel Jentoft David Orton Anne Karin Hufthammer James H. Barrett Bastiaan Star |
author_sort |
Lourdes Martínez-García |
title |
Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
title_short |
Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
title_full |
Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
title_fullStr |
Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Historical Demographic Processes Dominate Genetic Variation in Ancient Atlantic Cod Mitogenomes |
title_sort |
historical demographic processes dominate genetic variation in ancient atlantic cod mitogenomes |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 https://doaj.org/article/a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua North Atlantic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-701X 2296-701X doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 https://doaj.org/article/a34b1299482745f9a4755492744b2ac8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.671281 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
9 |
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1766357063790755840 |