Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil
INTRODUCTION: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects both humans and animals. Dogs may serve as sentinels and indicators of environmental contamination as well as potential carriers for Leptospira. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and seroincidence of leptospirosis infection in dogs...
Published in: | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 https://doaj.org/article/a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 2023-05-15T15:13:08+02:00 Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil Vivien Midori Morikawa Daniele Bier Maysa Pellizzaro Leila Sabrina Ullmann Igor Adolfo Dexheimer Paploski Mariana Kikuti Hélio Langoni Alexander Welker Biondo Marcelo Beltrão Molento 2015-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 https://doaj.org/article/a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 EN eng Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822015000100050&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9849 1678-9849 doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 https://doaj.org/article/a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Vol 48, Iss 1, Pp 50-55 (2015) Leptospirosis Dogs Seroincidence Seroprevalence Slum Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 2022-12-30T21:38:31Z INTRODUCTION: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects both humans and animals. Dogs may serve as sentinels and indicators of environmental contamination as well as potential carriers for Leptospira. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and seroincidence of leptospirosis infection in dogs in an urban low-income community in southern Brazil where human leptospirosis is endemic. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was designed that consisted of sampling at recruitment and four consecutive trimestral follow-up sampling trials. All households in the area were visited, and those that owned dogs were invited to participate in the study. The seroprevalence (MAT titers ≥100) of Leptospira infection in dogs was calculated for each visit, the seroincidence (seroconversion or four-fold increase in serogroup-specific MAT titer) density rate was calculated for each follow-up, and a global seroincidence density rate was calculated for the overall period. RESULTS: A total of 378 dogs and 902.7 dog-trimesters were recruited and followed, respectively. The seroprevalence of infection ranged from 9.3% (95% CI; 6.7 - 12.6) to 19% (14.1 - 25.2), the seroincidence density rate of infection ranged from 6% (3.3 - 10.6) to 15.3% (10.8 - 21.2), and the global seroincidence density rate of infection was 11% (9.1 - 13.2) per dog-trimester. Canicola and Icterohaemorraghiae were the most frequent incident serogroups observed in all follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: Follow-ups with mean trimester intervals were incapable of detecting any increase in seroprevalence due to seroincident cases of canine leptospirosis, suggesting that antibody titers may fall within three months. Further studies on incident infections, disease burden or risk factors for incident Leptospira cases should take into account the detectable lifespan of the antibody. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 48 1 50 55 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Leptospirosis Dogs Seroincidence Seroprevalence Slum Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
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Leptospirosis Dogs Seroincidence Seroprevalence Slum Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Vivien Midori Morikawa Daniele Bier Maysa Pellizzaro Leila Sabrina Ullmann Igor Adolfo Dexheimer Paploski Mariana Kikuti Hélio Langoni Alexander Welker Biondo Marcelo Beltrão Molento Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
topic_facet |
Leptospirosis Dogs Seroincidence Seroprevalence Slum Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
INTRODUCTION: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects both humans and animals. Dogs may serve as sentinels and indicators of environmental contamination as well as potential carriers for Leptospira. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence and seroincidence of leptospirosis infection in dogs in an urban low-income community in southern Brazil where human leptospirosis is endemic. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was designed that consisted of sampling at recruitment and four consecutive trimestral follow-up sampling trials. All households in the area were visited, and those that owned dogs were invited to participate in the study. The seroprevalence (MAT titers ≥100) of Leptospira infection in dogs was calculated for each visit, the seroincidence (seroconversion or four-fold increase in serogroup-specific MAT titer) density rate was calculated for each follow-up, and a global seroincidence density rate was calculated for the overall period. RESULTS: A total of 378 dogs and 902.7 dog-trimesters were recruited and followed, respectively. The seroprevalence of infection ranged from 9.3% (95% CI; 6.7 - 12.6) to 19% (14.1 - 25.2), the seroincidence density rate of infection ranged from 6% (3.3 - 10.6) to 15.3% (10.8 - 21.2), and the global seroincidence density rate of infection was 11% (9.1 - 13.2) per dog-trimester. Canicola and Icterohaemorraghiae were the most frequent incident serogroups observed in all follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: Follow-ups with mean trimester intervals were incapable of detecting any increase in seroprevalence due to seroincident cases of canine leptospirosis, suggesting that antibody titers may fall within three months. Further studies on incident infections, disease burden or risk factors for incident Leptospira cases should take into account the detectable lifespan of the antibody. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vivien Midori Morikawa Daniele Bier Maysa Pellizzaro Leila Sabrina Ullmann Igor Adolfo Dexheimer Paploski Mariana Kikuti Hélio Langoni Alexander Welker Biondo Marcelo Beltrão Molento |
author_facet |
Vivien Midori Morikawa Daniele Bier Maysa Pellizzaro Leila Sabrina Ullmann Igor Adolfo Dexheimer Paploski Mariana Kikuti Hélio Langoni Alexander Welker Biondo Marcelo Beltrão Molento |
author_sort |
Vivien Midori Morikawa |
title |
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
title_short |
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
title_full |
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil |
title_sort |
seroprevalence and seroincidence of leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in southern brazil |
publisher |
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 https://doaj.org/article/a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Vol 48, Iss 1, Pp 50-55 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822015000100050&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9849 1678-9849 doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 https://doaj.org/article/a2f3480212054bbfad93664aa5deca00 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2014 |
container_title |
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical |
container_volume |
48 |
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50 |
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55 |
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