Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent
In recent years, large predators have made a comeback across large parts of Europe. However, little is known about the impact that recolonizing predators may have on ecosystems with high degrees of anthropogenic influence. In Scandinavia, wolves (Canis lupus) now inhabit areas affected by intense fo...
Published in: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9fec515a647e49cf98e6dda548b68d9c 2023-05-15T13:12:58+02:00 Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent Giorgia Ausilio Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Karen Marie Mathisen Camilla Wikenros 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 https://doaj.org/article/9fec515a647e49cf98e6dda548b68d9c EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-701X 2296-701X doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 https://doaj.org/article/9fec515a647e49cf98e6dda548b68d9c Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 8 (2021) Canis lupus Alces alces Pinus sylvestris pellet counts browsing predation Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 2022-12-31T11:00:50Z In recent years, large predators have made a comeback across large parts of Europe. However, little is known about the impact that recolonizing predators may have on ecosystems with high degrees of anthropogenic influence. In Scandinavia, wolves (Canis lupus) now inhabit areas affected by intense forestry practices and their main prey, moose (Alces alces), are exposed to significant human hunting pressure. We used long-term datasets to investigate whether the return of wolves has affected moose distribution (i.e., presence and abundance) as well as browsing damage (i.e., presence and intensity) by moose on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). We found that the probability of moose presence and abundance increased with time since wolf territory establishment and was higher inside wolf territories than outside. Additionally, the probability of browsing damage was also higher inside wolf territories compared to outside, but wolf occurrence had no effect on browsing damage intensity. We suggest two possible underlying mechanisms behind these results: (1) wolves might select to establish territories in areas with higher moose abundance, increasing their probability of encounters, and/or (2) hunters within wolf territories reduce the number of harvested moose to compensate for wolf predation. This study highlights that the return of large predators to landscapes with strong anthropogenic influence may result in alternative effects than those described in studies on trophic cascades located in protected areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Canis lupus Alces alces Pinus sylvestris pellet counts browsing predation Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Canis lupus Alces alces Pinus sylvestris pellet counts browsing predation Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 Giorgia Ausilio Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Karen Marie Mathisen Camilla Wikenros Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
topic_facet |
Canis lupus Alces alces Pinus sylvestris pellet counts browsing predation Evolution QH359-425 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
In recent years, large predators have made a comeback across large parts of Europe. However, little is known about the impact that recolonizing predators may have on ecosystems with high degrees of anthropogenic influence. In Scandinavia, wolves (Canis lupus) now inhabit areas affected by intense forestry practices and their main prey, moose (Alces alces), are exposed to significant human hunting pressure. We used long-term datasets to investigate whether the return of wolves has affected moose distribution (i.e., presence and abundance) as well as browsing damage (i.e., presence and intensity) by moose on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). We found that the probability of moose presence and abundance increased with time since wolf territory establishment and was higher inside wolf territories than outside. Additionally, the probability of browsing damage was also higher inside wolf territories compared to outside, but wolf occurrence had no effect on browsing damage intensity. We suggest two possible underlying mechanisms behind these results: (1) wolves might select to establish territories in areas with higher moose abundance, increasing their probability of encounters, and/or (2) hunters within wolf territories reduce the number of harvested moose to compensate for wolf predation. This study highlights that the return of large predators to landscapes with strong anthropogenic influence may result in alternative effects than those described in studies on trophic cascades located in protected areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Giorgia Ausilio Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Karen Marie Mathisen Camilla Wikenros |
author_facet |
Giorgia Ausilio Håkan Sand Johan Månsson Karen Marie Mathisen Camilla Wikenros |
author_sort |
Giorgia Ausilio |
title |
Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
title_short |
Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
title_full |
Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
title_fullStr |
Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecological Effects of Wolves in Anthropogenic Landscapes: The Potential for Trophic Cascades Is Context-Dependent |
title_sort |
ecological effects of wolves in anthropogenic landscapes: the potential for trophic cascades is context-dependent |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 https://doaj.org/article/9fec515a647e49cf98e6dda548b68d9c |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_source |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-701X 2296-701X doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 https://doaj.org/article/9fec515a647e49cf98e6dda548b68d9c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.577963 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766255185852628992 |