Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin
Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1960s. It was effectively banned in 2003 but remains in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its ha...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696 https://doaj.org/article/9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab 2023-09-26T15:11:23+02:00 Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin Ricardo Correia da Silva Mariana Pires Teixeira Luciana Souza de Paiva Leandro Miranda-Alves 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696 https://doaj.org/article/9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/696 https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304 doi:10.3390/toxics11080696 2305-6304 https://doaj.org/article/9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab Toxics, Vol 11, Iss 696, p 696 (2023) endocrine-disrupting chemical tributyltin immune system organotin cytokines immunotoxicity Chemical technology TP1-1185 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696 2023-08-27T00:34:41Z Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1960s. It was effectively banned in 2003 but remains in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its half-life and its misuse despite the bans. In addition to the endocrine-disrupting effect of TBT, which may lead to imposex induction in some invertebrate species, there are several studies that demonstrate that TBT also has an immunotoxic effect. The immunotoxic effects that have been observed experimentally in vertebrates using in vitro and in vivo models involve different mechanisms; mainly, there are alterations in the expression and/or secretion of cytokines. In this review, we summarize and update the literature on the impacts of TBT on the immune system, and we discuss issues that still need to be explored to fill the knowledge gaps regarding the impact of this endocrine-disrupting chemical on immune system homeostasis. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Toxics 11 8 696 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
endocrine-disrupting chemical tributyltin immune system organotin cytokines immunotoxicity Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
spellingShingle |
endocrine-disrupting chemical tributyltin immune system organotin cytokines immunotoxicity Chemical technology TP1-1185 Ricardo Correia da Silva Mariana Pires Teixeira Luciana Souza de Paiva Leandro Miranda-Alves Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
topic_facet |
endocrine-disrupting chemical tributyltin immune system organotin cytokines immunotoxicity Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
description |
Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1960s. It was effectively banned in 2003 but remains in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its half-life and its misuse despite the bans. In addition to the endocrine-disrupting effect of TBT, which may lead to imposex induction in some invertebrate species, there are several studies that demonstrate that TBT also has an immunotoxic effect. The immunotoxic effects that have been observed experimentally in vertebrates using in vitro and in vivo models involve different mechanisms; mainly, there are alterations in the expression and/or secretion of cytokines. In this review, we summarize and update the literature on the impacts of TBT on the immune system, and we discuss issues that still need to be explored to fill the knowledge gaps regarding the impact of this endocrine-disrupting chemical on immune system homeostasis. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ricardo Correia da Silva Mariana Pires Teixeira Luciana Souza de Paiva Leandro Miranda-Alves |
author_facet |
Ricardo Correia da Silva Mariana Pires Teixeira Luciana Souza de Paiva Leandro Miranda-Alves |
author_sort |
Ricardo Correia da Silva |
title |
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
title_short |
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
title_full |
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
title_fullStr |
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Tributyltin |
title_sort |
environmental health and toxicology: immunomodulation promoted by endocrine-disrupting chemical tributyltin |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696 https://doaj.org/article/9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Toxics, Vol 11, Iss 696, p 696 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/696 https://doaj.org/toc/2305-6304 doi:10.3390/toxics11080696 2305-6304 https://doaj.org/article/9f7a82aa36ee4f9fa8fce0faae62d9ab |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080696 |
container_title |
Toxics |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
696 |
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1778131477157904384 |