Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa
Abstract Several species of migratory swifts breed in the Western Palearctic, but they differ in reproductive traits and nonbreeding areas explored in Africa. We examined survival and recapture probabilities of two species of swifts by capture–mark–recapture data collected in northern Italy (Pallid...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9e98ec6898ae4b428cc6552752d94a11 2023-05-15T14:17:13+02:00 Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa Giovanni Boano Irene Pellegrino Mauro Ferri Marco Cucco Fausto Minelli Susanne Åkesson 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/article/9e98ec6898ae4b428cc6552752d94a11 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/article/9e98ec6898ae4b428cc6552752d94a11 Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 14, Pp 7916-7928 (2020) Annual survival rate Apus apus Apus pallidus capture‐mark‐recapture data climatic anomalies drought Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 2022-12-31T07:49:19Z Abstract Several species of migratory swifts breed in the Western Palearctic, but they differ in reproductive traits and nonbreeding areas explored in Africa. We examined survival and recapture probabilities of two species of swifts by capture–mark–recapture data collected in northern Italy (Pallid Swift Apus pallidus in Carmagnola, Turin, and Common Swift Apus apus in Guiglia, Modena) in the breeding season (May–July). Apparent survival rates were relatively high (>71%), comparable to other studies of European swifts, but showed marked annual variations. We used geolocators to establish the exact wintering areas of birds breeding in our study colonies. Common Swifts explored the Sahel zone during migration and spent the winter in SE Africa, while the Pallid Swifts remained in the Sahel zone for a longer time, shifting locations southeast down to Cameroun and Nigeria later in winter. These movements followed the seasonal rains from north to south (October to December). In both species, we found large yearly differences in survival probabilities related to different climatic indices. In the Pallid Swift, wintering in Western Africa, the Sahel rainfall index best explained survival, with driest seasons associated with reduced survival. In the Common Swift, wintering in SE Africa, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle performed significantly better than Sahel rainfall or North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Extreme events and precipitation anomalies in Eastern Africa during La Niña events resulted in reduced survival probabilities in Common Swifts. Our study shows that the two species of swifts have similar average annual survival, but their survival varies between years and is strongly affected by different climatic drivers associated with their respective wintering areas. This finding could suggest important ecological diversification that should be taken into account when comparing survival and area use of similar species that migrate between temperate breeding areas and tropical wintering areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Apus apus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Ecology and Evolution 10 14 7916 7928 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Annual survival rate Apus apus Apus pallidus capture‐mark‐recapture data climatic anomalies drought Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Annual survival rate Apus apus Apus pallidus capture‐mark‐recapture data climatic anomalies drought Ecology QH540-549.5 Giovanni Boano Irene Pellegrino Mauro Ferri Marco Cucco Fausto Minelli Susanne Åkesson Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
topic_facet |
Annual survival rate Apus apus Apus pallidus capture‐mark‐recapture data climatic anomalies drought Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Several species of migratory swifts breed in the Western Palearctic, but they differ in reproductive traits and nonbreeding areas explored in Africa. We examined survival and recapture probabilities of two species of swifts by capture–mark–recapture data collected in northern Italy (Pallid Swift Apus pallidus in Carmagnola, Turin, and Common Swift Apus apus in Guiglia, Modena) in the breeding season (May–July). Apparent survival rates were relatively high (>71%), comparable to other studies of European swifts, but showed marked annual variations. We used geolocators to establish the exact wintering areas of birds breeding in our study colonies. Common Swifts explored the Sahel zone during migration and spent the winter in SE Africa, while the Pallid Swifts remained in the Sahel zone for a longer time, shifting locations southeast down to Cameroun and Nigeria later in winter. These movements followed the seasonal rains from north to south (October to December). In both species, we found large yearly differences in survival probabilities related to different climatic indices. In the Pallid Swift, wintering in Western Africa, the Sahel rainfall index best explained survival, with driest seasons associated with reduced survival. In the Common Swift, wintering in SE Africa, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle performed significantly better than Sahel rainfall or North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Extreme events and precipitation anomalies in Eastern Africa during La Niña events resulted in reduced survival probabilities in Common Swifts. Our study shows that the two species of swifts have similar average annual survival, but their survival varies between years and is strongly affected by different climatic drivers associated with their respective wintering areas. This finding could suggest important ecological diversification that should be taken into account when comparing survival and area use of similar species that migrate between temperate breeding areas and tropical wintering areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Giovanni Boano Irene Pellegrino Mauro Ferri Marco Cucco Fausto Minelli Susanne Åkesson |
author_facet |
Giovanni Boano Irene Pellegrino Mauro Ferri Marco Cucco Fausto Minelli Susanne Åkesson |
author_sort |
Giovanni Boano |
title |
Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
title_short |
Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
title_full |
Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
title_fullStr |
Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐Saharan Africa |
title_sort |
climate anomalies affect annual survival rates of swifts wintering in sub‐saharan africa |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/article/9e98ec6898ae4b428cc6552752d94a11 |
genre |
Apus apus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Apus apus North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 14, Pp 7916-7928 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.6525 https://doaj.org/article/9e98ec6898ae4b428cc6552752d94a11 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6525 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
7916 |
op_container_end_page |
7928 |
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1766289111525621760 |