Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar
Objectives: To determine the distribution of Plasmodium (P) species including Plasmodium knowlesi and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of microscopy with nested PCR in malaria diagnosis. Methods: The study was conducted in Kawthaung, southern Myanmar. Ninety clinically suspected malaria pa...
Published in: | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2017
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 https://doaj.org/article/9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff 2023-05-15T15:12:33+02:00 Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar Thu Zar Han Kay Thwe Han Kyin Hla Aye Thaung Hlaing Kyaw Zin Thant Indra Vythilingam 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 https://doaj.org/article/9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff EN eng Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169116310942 https://doaj.org/toc/2221-1691 2221-1691 doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 https://doaj.org/article/9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 7, Iss 8, Pp 680-685 (2017) Malaria Plasmodium Plasmodium knowlesi Microscopy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 2022-12-31T06:47:48Z Objectives: To determine the distribution of Plasmodium (P) species including Plasmodium knowlesi and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of microscopy with nested PCR in malaria diagnosis. Methods: The study was conducted in Kawthaung, southern Myanmar. Ninety clinically suspected malaria patients were screened for malaria by Giemsa stained microscopy and confirmed by nested PCR. Results: Among the participants, 57 (63.3%) were positive and 33 (36.7%) were negative by microscopy. Of positive samples, 39 (68.4%) were Plasmodium falciparum, 17 (29.8%) Plasmodium vivax and 1 (1.8%) Plasmodium malariae, whereas 59-amplified by PCR were 40 (67.8%), 18 (30.5%) and 1 (1.7%) respectively. PCR amplified 2 microscopy negative samples. Two samples of P. falciparum detected by microscopy were amplified as P. vivax and vice versa. All samples were negative for Plasmodium ovale, P. knowlesi and mixed infections. Microscopy had a very good measure of agreement (κ = 0.95) compared to nested PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of microscopy for diagnosis of P. falciparum were 92.5% (95% CI: 79.6–98.4) and 96.0% (95% CI: 86.3–99.5) respectively, whereas for P. vivax were 83.3% (95% CI: 58.6–96.4) and 97.2% (95% CI: 90.3–99.7). Conclusions: P. knowlesi was not detected by both microscopy and PCR. Giemsa stained microscopy can still be applied as primary method for malaria diagnosis and is considered as gold standard. As to the lower sensitivity of microscopy for vivax malaria, those with previous history of malaria and relapse cases should be diagnosed by RDT or PCR combined with microscopy. Inaccuracy of species diagnosis highlighted the requirement of training and refresher courses for microscopists. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 7 8 680 685 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Malaria Plasmodium Plasmodium knowlesi Microscopy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
Malaria Plasmodium Plasmodium knowlesi Microscopy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Thu Zar Han Kay Thwe Han Kyin Hla Aye Thaung Hlaing Kyaw Zin Thant Indra Vythilingam Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
topic_facet |
Malaria Plasmodium Plasmodium knowlesi Microscopy Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Objectives: To determine the distribution of Plasmodium (P) species including Plasmodium knowlesi and to compare the specificity and sensitivity of microscopy with nested PCR in malaria diagnosis. Methods: The study was conducted in Kawthaung, southern Myanmar. Ninety clinically suspected malaria patients were screened for malaria by Giemsa stained microscopy and confirmed by nested PCR. Results: Among the participants, 57 (63.3%) were positive and 33 (36.7%) were negative by microscopy. Of positive samples, 39 (68.4%) were Plasmodium falciparum, 17 (29.8%) Plasmodium vivax and 1 (1.8%) Plasmodium malariae, whereas 59-amplified by PCR were 40 (67.8%), 18 (30.5%) and 1 (1.7%) respectively. PCR amplified 2 microscopy negative samples. Two samples of P. falciparum detected by microscopy were amplified as P. vivax and vice versa. All samples were negative for Plasmodium ovale, P. knowlesi and mixed infections. Microscopy had a very good measure of agreement (κ = 0.95) compared to nested PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of microscopy for diagnosis of P. falciparum were 92.5% (95% CI: 79.6–98.4) and 96.0% (95% CI: 86.3–99.5) respectively, whereas for P. vivax were 83.3% (95% CI: 58.6–96.4) and 97.2% (95% CI: 90.3–99.7). Conclusions: P. knowlesi was not detected by both microscopy and PCR. Giemsa stained microscopy can still be applied as primary method for malaria diagnosis and is considered as gold standard. As to the lower sensitivity of microscopy for vivax malaria, those with previous history of malaria and relapse cases should be diagnosed by RDT or PCR combined with microscopy. Inaccuracy of species diagnosis highlighted the requirement of training and refresher courses for microscopists. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thu Zar Han Kay Thwe Han Kyin Hla Aye Thaung Hlaing Kyaw Zin Thant Indra Vythilingam |
author_facet |
Thu Zar Han Kay Thwe Han Kyin Hla Aye Thaung Hlaing Kyaw Zin Thant Indra Vythilingam |
author_sort |
Thu Zar Han |
title |
Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
title_short |
Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
title_full |
Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of microscopy and PCR for the detection of human Plasmodium species and Plasmodium knowlesi in southern Myanmar |
title_sort |
comparison of microscopy and pcr for the detection of human plasmodium species and plasmodium knowlesi in southern myanmar |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 https://doaj.org/article/9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 7, Iss 8, Pp 680-685 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169116310942 https://doaj.org/toc/2221-1691 2221-1691 doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 https://doaj.org/article/9e6214b1332c4baaa8b17e00429a05ff |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.004 |
container_title |
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
680 |
op_container_end_page |
685 |
_version_ |
1766343211818680320 |