Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future
The harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of the most abundant coastal cetacean species in the Northern Hemisphere with differential levels of regional knowledge. Gaps are particularly evident for the Pacific subspecies Phocoena phocoena vomerina. In the Salish Sea (a transboundary body of wate...
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Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 https://doaj.org/article/9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 2023-05-15T17:59:06+02:00 Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future Cindy R. Elliser Anna Hall 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 https://doaj.org/article/9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 https://doaj.org/article/9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena Salish Sea conservation knowledge gaps current research Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 2022-12-31T06:01:19Z The harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of the most abundant coastal cetacean species in the Northern Hemisphere with differential levels of regional knowledge. Gaps are particularly evident for the Pacific subspecies Phocoena phocoena vomerina. In the Salish Sea (a transboundary body of water spanning between Washington, United States and British Columbia (BC), Canada), there is a dearth of information on many aspects of the biology, ecology, behavior, sociality, and regionally specific threats. Here we present a case study of the Salish Sea harbor porpoise, combining historical and current research, from both BC and Washington, to provide a more holistic view of this species’ status, the knowledge continuum and gaps, risks from identified threats and what current research and collaborations are revealing about this enigmatic species. The Salish Sea harbor porpoise was abundant to the 1940s and 1950s, but by the 1990s their numbers were greatly reduced, and all but absent in some areas. By the early 2000s, numbers had resurged, and harbor porpoise are now once again found throughout much of the Salish Sea. Despite this, studies focused on Salish Sea harbor porpoises have been limited until recently. Current long-term research has been conducted from vessels and land in both Canada and the United States. Multi-faceted work using techniques including photo-identification (photo-ID), behavioral visual observations, acoustics, commercial fishery surveys, sighting reports, citizen science and other ecological data have provided insight into the seasonal variation in density and abundance, site fidelity, reproduction, by-catch rates, foraging and the identification of important habitats that are used intra- and inter-annually in this region. These may represent culturally and biologically significant habitats for Salish Sea harbor porpoise. Collaborations within and outside of the Salish Sea have revealed consistencies and dissimilarities between different communities or populations; indicating that some ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Phocoena phocoena Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Canada Pacific British Columbia ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena Salish Sea conservation knowledge gaps current research Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena Salish Sea conservation knowledge gaps current research Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Cindy R. Elliser Anna Hall Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
topic_facet |
harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena Salish Sea conservation knowledge gaps current research Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
The harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of the most abundant coastal cetacean species in the Northern Hemisphere with differential levels of regional knowledge. Gaps are particularly evident for the Pacific subspecies Phocoena phocoena vomerina. In the Salish Sea (a transboundary body of water spanning between Washington, United States and British Columbia (BC), Canada), there is a dearth of information on many aspects of the biology, ecology, behavior, sociality, and regionally specific threats. Here we present a case study of the Salish Sea harbor porpoise, combining historical and current research, from both BC and Washington, to provide a more holistic view of this species’ status, the knowledge continuum and gaps, risks from identified threats and what current research and collaborations are revealing about this enigmatic species. The Salish Sea harbor porpoise was abundant to the 1940s and 1950s, but by the 1990s their numbers were greatly reduced, and all but absent in some areas. By the early 2000s, numbers had resurged, and harbor porpoise are now once again found throughout much of the Salish Sea. Despite this, studies focused on Salish Sea harbor porpoises have been limited until recently. Current long-term research has been conducted from vessels and land in both Canada and the United States. Multi-faceted work using techniques including photo-identification (photo-ID), behavioral visual observations, acoustics, commercial fishery surveys, sighting reports, citizen science and other ecological data have provided insight into the seasonal variation in density and abundance, site fidelity, reproduction, by-catch rates, foraging and the identification of important habitats that are used intra- and inter-annually in this region. These may represent culturally and biologically significant habitats for Salish Sea harbor porpoise. Collaborations within and outside of the Salish Sea have revealed consistencies and dissimilarities between different communities or populations; indicating that some ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cindy R. Elliser Anna Hall |
author_facet |
Cindy R. Elliser Anna Hall |
author_sort |
Cindy R. Elliser |
title |
Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
title_short |
Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
title_full |
Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
title_fullStr |
Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
title_full_unstemmed |
Return of the Salish Sea Harbor Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena: Knowledge Gaps, Current Research, and What We Need to Do to Protect Their Future |
title_sort |
return of the salish sea harbor porpoise, phocoena phocoena: knowledge gaps, current research, and what we need to do to protect their future |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 https://doaj.org/article/9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-125.003,-125.003,54.000,54.000) |
geographic |
Canada Pacific British Columbia |
geographic_facet |
Canada Pacific British Columbia |
genre |
Phocoena phocoena |
genre_facet |
Phocoena phocoena |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 https://doaj.org/article/9e0a504a5e7d47fd9a2e1ea30bd6d9e4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.618177 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766167856467148800 |