Hydrological Variability and Changes in the Arctic Circumpolar Tundra and the Three Largest Pan-Arctic River Basins from 2002 to 2016

The Arctic freshwater budget is critical for understanding the climate in the northern regions. However, the hydrology of the Arctic circumpolar tundra region (ACTR) and the largest pan-Arctic rivers are still not well understood. In this paper, we analyze the spatiotemporal variations in the terres...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Remote Sensing
Main Authors: Kazuyoshi Suzuki, Koji Matsuo, Dai Yamazaki, Kazuhito Ichii, Yoshihiro Iijima, Fabrice Papa, Yuji Yanagi, Tetsuya Hiyama
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018
Subjects:
arctic hydrological cycle
terrestrial water storage
satellite gravimetry observation
permafrost distribution
global land data assimilation system
Science
Q
Arctic
Mackenzie River
Yukon
Global warming
lena river
Mackenzie river
permafrost
Tundra
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10030402
https://doaj.org/article/9c7a72401ae64e40bcf4eff0ed2c6e3b
Description
Summary:The Arctic freshwater budget is critical for understanding the climate in the northern regions. However, the hydrology of the Arctic circumpolar tundra region (ACTR) and the largest pan-Arctic rivers are still not well understood. In this paper, we analyze the spatiotemporal variations in the terrestrial water storage (TWS) of the ACTR and three of the largest pan-Arctic river basins (Lena, Mackenzie, Yukon). To do this, we utilize monthly Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data from 2002 to 2016. Together with global land reanalysis, and river runoff data, we identify declining TWS trends throughout the ACTR that we attribute largely to increasing evapotranspiration driven by increasing summer air temperatures. In terms of regional changes, large and significant negative trends in TWS are observed mainly over the North American continent. At basin scale, we show that, in the Lena River basin, the autumnal TWS signal persists until the spring of the following year, while in the Mackenzie River basin, the TWS level in the autumn and winter has no significant impact on the following year. As expected global warming is expected to be particularly significant in the northern regions, our results are important for understanding future TWS trends, with possible further decline.

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