Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach.
Schistosoma mansoni exists in a complex environmental milieu that may select for significant evolutionary changes in this species. In Kenya, the sympatric distribution of S. mansoni with S. rodhaini potentially influences the epidemiology, ecology, and evolutionary biology of both species, because t...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9c0c0d02854d4b40bac50a968ae5f692 2023-05-15T15:16:36+02:00 Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. Michelle L Steinauer Ibrahim N Mwangi Geoffrey M Maina Joseph M Kinuthia Martin W Mutuku Eric L Agola Ben Mungai Gerald M Mkoji Eric S Loker 2008-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 https://doaj.org/article/9c0c0d02854d4b40bac50a968ae5f692 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2291567?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 https://doaj.org/article/9c0c0d02854d4b40bac50a968ae5f692 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 2, Iss 4, p e222 (2008) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2008 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 2022-12-31T15:55:26Z Schistosoma mansoni exists in a complex environmental milieu that may select for significant evolutionary changes in this species. In Kenya, the sympatric distribution of S. mansoni with S. rodhaini potentially influences the epidemiology, ecology, and evolutionary biology of both species, because they infect the same species of snail and mammalian hosts and are capable of hybridization.Over a 2-year period, using a molecular epidemiological approach, we examined spatial and temporal distributions, and the overlap of these schistosomes within snails, in natural settings in Kenya. Both species had spatially and temporally patchy distributions, although S. mansoni was eight times more common than S. rodhaini. Both species were overdispersed within snails, and most snails (85.2% for S. mansoni and 91.7% for S. rodhaini) only harbored one schistosome genotype. Over time, half of snails infected with multiple genotypes showed a replacement pattern in which an initially dominant genotype was less represented in later replicates. The other half showed a consistent pattern over time; however, the ratio of each genotype was skewed. Profiles of circadian emergence of cercariae revealed that S. rodhaini emerges throughout the 24-hour cycle, with peak emergence before sunrise and sometimes immediately after sunset, which differs from previous reports of a single nocturnal peak immediately after sunset. Peak emergence for S. mansoni cercariae occurred as light became most intense and overlapped temporally with S. rodhaini. Comparison of schistosome communities within snails against a null model indicated that the community was structured and that coinfections were more common than expected by chance. In mixed infections, cercarial emergence over 24 hours remained similar to single species infections, again with S. rodhaini and S. mansoni cercarial emergence profiles overlapping substantially.The data from this study indicate a lack of obvious spatial or temporal isolating mechanisms to prevent hybridization, raising the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Sunset Peak ENVELOPE(-127.520,-127.520,61.833,61.833) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2 4 e222 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Michelle L Steinauer Ibrahim N Mwangi Geoffrey M Maina Joseph M Kinuthia Martin W Mutuku Eric L Agola Ben Mungai Gerald M Mkoji Eric S Loker Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Schistosoma mansoni exists in a complex environmental milieu that may select for significant evolutionary changes in this species. In Kenya, the sympatric distribution of S. mansoni with S. rodhaini potentially influences the epidemiology, ecology, and evolutionary biology of both species, because they infect the same species of snail and mammalian hosts and are capable of hybridization.Over a 2-year period, using a molecular epidemiological approach, we examined spatial and temporal distributions, and the overlap of these schistosomes within snails, in natural settings in Kenya. Both species had spatially and temporally patchy distributions, although S. mansoni was eight times more common than S. rodhaini. Both species were overdispersed within snails, and most snails (85.2% for S. mansoni and 91.7% for S. rodhaini) only harbored one schistosome genotype. Over time, half of snails infected with multiple genotypes showed a replacement pattern in which an initially dominant genotype was less represented in later replicates. The other half showed a consistent pattern over time; however, the ratio of each genotype was skewed. Profiles of circadian emergence of cercariae revealed that S. rodhaini emerges throughout the 24-hour cycle, with peak emergence before sunrise and sometimes immediately after sunset, which differs from previous reports of a single nocturnal peak immediately after sunset. Peak emergence for S. mansoni cercariae occurred as light became most intense and overlapped temporally with S. rodhaini. Comparison of schistosome communities within snails against a null model indicated that the community was structured and that coinfections were more common than expected by chance. In mixed infections, cercarial emergence over 24 hours remained similar to single species infections, again with S. rodhaini and S. mansoni cercarial emergence profiles overlapping substantially.The data from this study indicate a lack of obvious spatial or temporal isolating mechanisms to prevent hybridization, raising the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Michelle L Steinauer Ibrahim N Mwangi Geoffrey M Maina Joseph M Kinuthia Martin W Mutuku Eric L Agola Ben Mungai Gerald M Mkoji Eric S Loker |
author_facet |
Michelle L Steinauer Ibrahim N Mwangi Geoffrey M Maina Joseph M Kinuthia Martin W Mutuku Eric L Agola Ben Mungai Gerald M Mkoji Eric S Loker |
author_sort |
Michelle L Steinauer |
title |
Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
title_short |
Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
title_full |
Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
title_fullStr |
Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the Lake Victoria region of Kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
title_sort |
interactions between natural populations of human and rodent schistosomes in the lake victoria region of kenya: a molecular epidemiological approach. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 https://doaj.org/article/9c0c0d02854d4b40bac50a968ae5f692 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-127.520,-127.520,61.833,61.833) |
geographic |
Arctic Sunset Peak |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Sunset Peak |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 2, Iss 4, p e222 (2008) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2291567?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 https://doaj.org/article/9c0c0d02854d4b40bac50a968ae5f692 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000222 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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2 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
e222 |
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1766346899957219328 |