Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland
Mean annual air temperatures are predicted to increase by several degrees in the Arctic. This increase in temperature will likely impact organisms adapted to current conditions. Studies of longevities of winter-active Chironomidae from cold, groundwater-fed streams in Minnesota demonstrate that wint...
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NTNU University Museum Norwegian University of Science and Technology
2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9bb6422cefb64364aa2f9d5b1b8c653b 2023-05-15T15:03:52+02:00 Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland Corrie Nyquist Gísli Már Gíslason Bruce Vondracek Leonard Charles Ferrington 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/9bb6422cefb64364aa2f9d5b1b8c653b EN NO eng nor NTNU University Museum Norwegian University of Science and Technology https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/chironomus/article/view/3431 https://doaj.org/toc/0172-1941 https://doaj.org/toc/2387-5372 0172-1941 2387-5372 https://doaj.org/article/9bb6422cefb64364aa2f9d5b1b8c653b CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research, Iss 34 (2021) Chironomidae adult longevities Iceland climate geothermal streams Science Q Zoology QL1-991 article 2021 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-31T05:04:30Z Mean annual air temperatures are predicted to increase by several degrees in the Arctic. This increase in temperature will likely impact organisms adapted to current conditions. Studies of longevities of winter-active Chironomidae from cold, groundwater-fed streams in Minnesota demonstrate that winter-emerging species are long-lived as adults when incubated at cold or sub-freezing air temperatures post emergence. It is unknown if this holds for species emerging in sub-arctic latitudes during warm months, or if warm air temperatures affect the adults of species emerging from cold and geothermally heated streams. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of exposure to air temperatures predicted by climate change models on the longevities of Chironomidae emerging from both cold and geothermally heated larval environments. Chironomidae were trapped at emergence from two groundwater-fed streams with contrasting (warm and cold) thermal regimes at the Hengladalir valleys in the Hengill alpine geothermal area in southwestern Iceland over 4 days in July 2018. Adults (N=102) were randomly divided into two treatments and incubated at either 20°C or 6°C for 28-32 days to determine influence of source stream and incubation temperature on adult longevity. These temperatures were selected to simulate current and predicted water and air temperatures that adult chironomids are likely to be exposed to with climate change. Adults incubated at 6°C survived longer than adults incubated at 20°C irrespective of source stream. All adults incubated at 20°C died within 1-5 days post-emergence. Longevities of taxa incubated at 6°C ranged from 13 to more than 32 days. Species of Diamesa exhibited the greatest longevities, with 41.7% surviving more than 28-32 days post-emergence at 6°C. We were unable to determine maximum longevity for Diamesa within the 6°C treatment because surviving adults had to be sacrificed at the termination of the experiment on day 32. However, the minimum longevity we report is similar to longevities ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Iceland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Hengill ENVELOPE(-21.306,-21.306,64.078,64.078) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English Norwegian |
topic |
Chironomidae adult longevities Iceland climate geothermal streams Science Q Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Chironomidae adult longevities Iceland climate geothermal streams Science Q Zoology QL1-991 Corrie Nyquist Gísli Már Gíslason Bruce Vondracek Leonard Charles Ferrington Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
topic_facet |
Chironomidae adult longevities Iceland climate geothermal streams Science Q Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Mean annual air temperatures are predicted to increase by several degrees in the Arctic. This increase in temperature will likely impact organisms adapted to current conditions. Studies of longevities of winter-active Chironomidae from cold, groundwater-fed streams in Minnesota demonstrate that winter-emerging species are long-lived as adults when incubated at cold or sub-freezing air temperatures post emergence. It is unknown if this holds for species emerging in sub-arctic latitudes during warm months, or if warm air temperatures affect the adults of species emerging from cold and geothermally heated streams. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of exposure to air temperatures predicted by climate change models on the longevities of Chironomidae emerging from both cold and geothermally heated larval environments. Chironomidae were trapped at emergence from two groundwater-fed streams with contrasting (warm and cold) thermal regimes at the Hengladalir valleys in the Hengill alpine geothermal area in southwestern Iceland over 4 days in July 2018. Adults (N=102) were randomly divided into two treatments and incubated at either 20°C or 6°C for 28-32 days to determine influence of source stream and incubation temperature on adult longevity. These temperatures were selected to simulate current and predicted water and air temperatures that adult chironomids are likely to be exposed to with climate change. Adults incubated at 6°C survived longer than adults incubated at 20°C irrespective of source stream. All adults incubated at 20°C died within 1-5 days post-emergence. Longevities of taxa incubated at 6°C ranged from 13 to more than 32 days. Species of Diamesa exhibited the greatest longevities, with 41.7% surviving more than 28-32 days post-emergence at 6°C. We were unable to determine maximum longevity for Diamesa within the 6°C treatment because surviving adults had to be sacrificed at the termination of the experiment on day 32. However, the minimum longevity we report is similar to longevities ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Corrie Nyquist Gísli Már Gíslason Bruce Vondracek Leonard Charles Ferrington |
author_facet |
Corrie Nyquist Gísli Már Gíslason Bruce Vondracek Leonard Charles Ferrington |
author_sort |
Corrie Nyquist |
title |
Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
title_short |
Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
title_full |
Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Longevities of Adult Chironomidae (Diptera) from Two Streams in Iceland |
title_sort |
longevities of adult chironomidae (diptera) from two streams in iceland |
publisher |
NTNU University Museum Norwegian University of Science and Technology |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/9bb6422cefb64364aa2f9d5b1b8c653b |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-21.306,-21.306,64.078,64.078) |
geographic |
Arctic Hengill |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Hengill |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Iceland |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Iceland |
op_source |
CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research, Iss 34 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/chironomus/article/view/3431 https://doaj.org/toc/0172-1941 https://doaj.org/toc/2387-5372 0172-1941 2387-5372 https://doaj.org/article/9bb6422cefb64364aa2f9d5b1b8c653b |
_version_ |
1766335719783006208 |