Abiotic Changes Driving Microphytoplankton Functional Diversity in Admiralty Bay, King George Island (Antarctica)

• Published in: Frontiers in Marine Science
• Main Authors: Domênica Teixeira de Lima, Gleyci Aparecida Oliveira Moser, Fernanda Reinhardt Piedras, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Denise Rivera Tenenbaum, Márcio Murilo Barboza Tenório, Marcos Vinícius Pereira Borges de Campos, Thais de Oliveira Cornejo, José Juan Barrera-Alba
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
• Subjects: functional diversity; microphytoplankton; Antarctic; abiotic variation; meltwater; Science; Q; General. Including nature conservation; geographical distribution; QH1-199.5; The Antarctic; Antarctic Peninsula; Austral; King George Island; South Shetland Islands; Admiralty Bay; Western Shelf; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00638; https://doaj.org/article/9b5722e799654ae99439b7e86d06c4dc

Environmental gradients can provide habitat-specific scenarios for community functional diversity (FD) that determine the composition of populations on both spatial and temporal scales. The western shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula has experiencing increasing air temperatures while the climate is transitioning to a warm-humid sub-Antarctic-type of climate. As a consequence, abiotic changes are leading to alterations in the trophic web. Microphytoplankton FD was analyzed across environmental gradients of sea surface temperature, salinity, meltwater percentage and nutrient availability in Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands, Western Antarctic Peninsula. Samples were collected during the austral summer from 2009 to 2011 and from 2013 to 2015, at Admiralty Bay for which FD indices were calculated based on species traits. The amount of meltwater (MW) present in Admiralty Bay groups microphytoplankton into communities according to physiological and ecological tolerances, thus leading to a greater FD. When meltwater dominated the bay (>2.25% MW scenarios iii - 2013-14 and iv - 2014-15), diatoms and dinoflagellates were codominant. An increase in the dinoflagellate fraction of microplankton, notably with auxotrophic and mixotrophic nutrition mode, can be considered a trigger for changes in the structure of the Antarctic food web. Our results suggest using Admiralty Bay as a model for studies on changes in microphytoplankton community composition and FD.