Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)

The emergence of the microvariant genotype of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) has caused mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, resulting in significant economic losses in Europe, New Zealand and Australia. There is variability in the occurrence and severity of disease caused by...

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Published in:Aquaculture Environment Interactions
Main Authors: Oliver, R, Fuhrmann, M, Hick, P
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Inter-Research 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00336
https://doaj.org/article/9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b 2023-05-15T15:58:22+02:00 Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) Oliver, R Fuhrmann, M Hick, P 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00336 https://doaj.org/article/9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b EN eng Inter-Research https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v11/p685-699/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00336 https://doaj.org/article/9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 11, Pp 685-699 (2019) Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00336 2022-12-31T13:57:10Z The emergence of the microvariant genotype of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) has caused mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, resulting in significant economic losses in Europe, New Zealand and Australia. There is variability in the occurrence and severity of disease caused by OsHV-1, with the disease incompletely described by the known complex interactions between host, environment and pathogen. There is a need to evaluate the role of anthropogenic factors on this disease expression due to the number of interactions between humans and oysters. A controlled in vivo laboratory infection model was used to assess changes to the susceptibility of 6 mo old Pacific oysters to OsHV-1 challenge after pre-exposure to combinations of stressors. Pre-exposure of oysters to a concentration of the pesticide imidacloprid consistent with the higher range of environmental contamination in some estuaries had no impact on their survival or OsHV-1 viral load. Oysters pre-exposed to air for 24 h prior to OsHV-1 challenge by cohabitation were more resilient to infection. Moderate physical handling that simulated on-farm handling did not affect survival. This indicates that farm management practices implemented prior to OsHV-1 exposure might not specifically predispose oysters to more severe disease, and more complex confounding factors need to be considered. It is likely that changes in host physiology during emersion provide the host with increased resilience to disease caused by OsHV-1. Continued investigation of the effect of air exposure in the field will aid in validating the results from this laboratory experiment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles New Zealand Pacific Aquaculture Environment Interactions 11 685 699
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
SH1-691
Ecology
QH540-549.5
spellingShingle Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
SH1-691
Ecology
QH540-549.5
Oliver, R
Fuhrmann, M
Hick, P
Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
topic_facet Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
SH1-691
Ecology
QH540-549.5
description The emergence of the microvariant genotype of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) has caused mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, resulting in significant economic losses in Europe, New Zealand and Australia. There is variability in the occurrence and severity of disease caused by OsHV-1, with the disease incompletely described by the known complex interactions between host, environment and pathogen. There is a need to evaluate the role of anthropogenic factors on this disease expression due to the number of interactions between humans and oysters. A controlled in vivo laboratory infection model was used to assess changes to the susceptibility of 6 mo old Pacific oysters to OsHV-1 challenge after pre-exposure to combinations of stressors. Pre-exposure of oysters to a concentration of the pesticide imidacloprid consistent with the higher range of environmental contamination in some estuaries had no impact on their survival or OsHV-1 viral load. Oysters pre-exposed to air for 24 h prior to OsHV-1 challenge by cohabitation were more resilient to infection. Moderate physical handling that simulated on-farm handling did not affect survival. This indicates that farm management practices implemented prior to OsHV-1 exposure might not specifically predispose oysters to more severe disease, and more complex confounding factors need to be considered. It is likely that changes in host physiology during emersion provide the host with increased resilience to disease caused by OsHV-1. Continued investigation of the effect of air exposure in the field will aid in validating the results from this laboratory experiment.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Oliver, R
Fuhrmann, M
Hick, P
author_facet Oliver, R
Fuhrmann, M
Hick, P
author_sort Oliver, R
title Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
title_short Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
title_full Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
title_fullStr Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
title_full_unstemmed Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
title_sort effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of crassostrea gigas to ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1)
publisher Inter-Research
publishDate 2019
url https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00336
https://doaj.org/article/9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b
geographic New Zealand
Pacific
geographic_facet New Zealand
Pacific
genre Crassostrea gigas
genre_facet Crassostrea gigas
op_source Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 11, Pp 685-699 (2019)
op_relation https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v11/p685-699/
https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X
https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534
1869-215X
1869-7534
doi:10.3354/aei00336
https://doaj.org/article/9aca31030ce04d5fbe94dcc6c1171e6b
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00336
container_title Aquaculture Environment Interactions
container_volume 11
container_start_page 685
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