Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate
Abstract Stratocumulus clouds over the Southern Ocean have fewer droplets and are more likely to exist in the predominately supercooled phase than clouds at similar temperatures over northern oceans. One likely reason is that this region has few continental and anthropogenic sources of cloud‐nucleat...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/article/9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf 2023-05-15T13:36:37+02:00 Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate Cynthia H. Twohy Paul J. DeMott Lynn M. Russell Darin W. Toohey Bryan Rainwater Roy Geiss Kevin J. Sanchez Savannah Lewis Gregory C. Roberts Ruhi S. Humphries Christina S. McCluskey Kathryn A. Moore Paul W. Selleck Melita D. Keywood Jason P. Ward Ian M. McRobert 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/article/9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/toc/2328-4277 2328-4277 doi:10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/article/9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf Earth's Future, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) aerosol particles Antarctica climate change clouds phytoplankton Southern Ocean Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 2022-12-31T00:57:59Z Abstract Stratocumulus clouds over the Southern Ocean have fewer droplets and are more likely to exist in the predominately supercooled phase than clouds at similar temperatures over northern oceans. One likely reason is that this region has few continental and anthropogenic sources of cloud‐nucleating particles that can form droplets and ice. In this work, we present an overview of aerosol particle types over the Southern Ocean, including new measurements made below, in and above clouds in this region. These measurements and others indicate that biogenic sulfur‐based particles >0.1 μm diameter contribute the majority of cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations in summer. Ice nucleating particles tend to have more organic components, likely from sea‐spray. Both types of cloud nucleating particles may increase in a warming climate likely to have less sea ice, more phytoplankton activity, and stronger winds over the Southern Ocean near Antarctica. Taken together, clouds over the Southern Ocean may become more reflective and partially counter the region's expected albedo decrease due to diminishing sea ice. However, detailed modeling studies are needed to test this hypothesis due to the complexity of ocean‐cloud‐climate feedbacks in the region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Southern Ocean Earth's Future 9 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
aerosol particles Antarctica climate change clouds phytoplankton Southern Ocean Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
aerosol particles Antarctica climate change clouds phytoplankton Southern Ocean Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ecology QH540-549.5 Cynthia H. Twohy Paul J. DeMott Lynn M. Russell Darin W. Toohey Bryan Rainwater Roy Geiss Kevin J. Sanchez Savannah Lewis Gregory C. Roberts Ruhi S. Humphries Christina S. McCluskey Kathryn A. Moore Paul W. Selleck Melita D. Keywood Jason P. Ward Ian M. McRobert Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
topic_facet |
aerosol particles Antarctica climate change clouds phytoplankton Southern Ocean Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Stratocumulus clouds over the Southern Ocean have fewer droplets and are more likely to exist in the predominately supercooled phase than clouds at similar temperatures over northern oceans. One likely reason is that this region has few continental and anthropogenic sources of cloud‐nucleating particles that can form droplets and ice. In this work, we present an overview of aerosol particle types over the Southern Ocean, including new measurements made below, in and above clouds in this region. These measurements and others indicate that biogenic sulfur‐based particles >0.1 μm diameter contribute the majority of cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations in summer. Ice nucleating particles tend to have more organic components, likely from sea‐spray. Both types of cloud nucleating particles may increase in a warming climate likely to have less sea ice, more phytoplankton activity, and stronger winds over the Southern Ocean near Antarctica. Taken together, clouds over the Southern Ocean may become more reflective and partially counter the region's expected albedo decrease due to diminishing sea ice. However, detailed modeling studies are needed to test this hypothesis due to the complexity of ocean‐cloud‐climate feedbacks in the region. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cynthia H. Twohy Paul J. DeMott Lynn M. Russell Darin W. Toohey Bryan Rainwater Roy Geiss Kevin J. Sanchez Savannah Lewis Gregory C. Roberts Ruhi S. Humphries Christina S. McCluskey Kathryn A. Moore Paul W. Selleck Melita D. Keywood Jason P. Ward Ian M. McRobert |
author_facet |
Cynthia H. Twohy Paul J. DeMott Lynn M. Russell Darin W. Toohey Bryan Rainwater Roy Geiss Kevin J. Sanchez Savannah Lewis Gregory C. Roberts Ruhi S. Humphries Christina S. McCluskey Kathryn A. Moore Paul W. Selleck Melita D. Keywood Jason P. Ward Ian M. McRobert |
author_sort |
Cynthia H. Twohy |
title |
Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
title_short |
Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
title_full |
Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
title_fullStr |
Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cloud‐Nucleating Particles Over the Southern Ocean in a Changing Climate |
title_sort |
cloud‐nucleating particles over the southern ocean in a changing climate |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/article/9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Earth's Future, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/toc/2328-4277 2328-4277 doi:10.1029/2020EF001673 https://doaj.org/article/9a8126ea37c847669a3943dcf236eecf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001673 |
container_title |
Earth's Future |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
3 |
_version_ |
1766081710892515328 |