Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom
The lethal and enzymatic activities of venom from Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) were determined and compared to venoms from three other Southeast Asian cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja siamensis and Naja kaouthia). All four venoms exhibited the common characteristic enzymatic activities of...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9a5b25206a944dbb96a27bb7f4189df4 2023-05-15T15:09:37+02:00 Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom MKK Yap NH Tan SY Fung 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 https://doaj.org/article/9a5b25206a944dbb96a27bb7f4189df4 EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000400012 https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 doi:10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 1678-9199 https://doaj.org/article/9a5b25206a944dbb96a27bb7f4189df4 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 4, Pp 451-459 (2011) Naja cobra venom enzyme activity cardiotoxin Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 2022-12-31T06:07:12Z The lethal and enzymatic activities of venom from Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) were determined and compared to venoms from three other Southeast Asian cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja siamensis and Naja kaouthia). All four venoms exhibited the common characteristic enzymatic activities of Asiatic cobra venoms: low protease, phosphodiesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase and L-amino acid oxidase activities, moderately high acetylcholinesterase and hyaluronidase activities and high phospholipase A2. Fractionation of N. sumatrana venom by Resource® S cation exchange chromatography (GE Healthcare, USA) yielded nine major protein peaks, with all except the acidic protein peak being lethal to mice. Most of the protein peaks exhibit enzymatic activities, and L-amino acid oxidase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, acetylcholinesterase, 5'-nucleotidase and hyaluronidase exist in multiple forms. Comparison of the Resource® S chromatograms of the four cobra venoms clearly indicates that the protein composition of N. sumatrana venom is distinct from venoms of the other two spitting cobras, N. sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) and N. siamensis (Indochinese spitting cobra). The results support the revised systematics of the Asiatic cobra based on multivariate analysis of morphological characters. The three spitting cobra venoms exhibit two common features: the presence of basic, potentially pharmacologically active phospholipases A2 and a high content of polypeptide cardiotoxin, suggesting that the pathophysiological actions of the three spitting cobra venoms may be similar. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 17 4 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Naja cobra venom enzyme activity cardiotoxin Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Naja cobra venom enzyme activity cardiotoxin Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 MKK Yap NH Tan SY Fung Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
topic_facet |
Naja cobra venom enzyme activity cardiotoxin Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
The lethal and enzymatic activities of venom from Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) were determined and compared to venoms from three other Southeast Asian cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja siamensis and Naja kaouthia). All four venoms exhibited the common characteristic enzymatic activities of Asiatic cobra venoms: low protease, phosphodiesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase and L-amino acid oxidase activities, moderately high acetylcholinesterase and hyaluronidase activities and high phospholipase A2. Fractionation of N. sumatrana venom by Resource® S cation exchange chromatography (GE Healthcare, USA) yielded nine major protein peaks, with all except the acidic protein peak being lethal to mice. Most of the protein peaks exhibit enzymatic activities, and L-amino acid oxidase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, acetylcholinesterase, 5'-nucleotidase and hyaluronidase exist in multiple forms. Comparison of the Resource® S chromatograms of the four cobra venoms clearly indicates that the protein composition of N. sumatrana venom is distinct from venoms of the other two spitting cobras, N. sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) and N. siamensis (Indochinese spitting cobra). The results support the revised systematics of the Asiatic cobra based on multivariate analysis of morphological characters. The three spitting cobra venoms exhibit two common features: the presence of basic, potentially pharmacologically active phospholipases A2 and a high content of polypeptide cardiotoxin, suggesting that the pathophysiological actions of the three spitting cobra venoms may be similar. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
MKK Yap NH Tan SY Fung |
author_facet |
MKK Yap NH Tan SY Fung |
author_sort |
MKK Yap |
title |
Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
title_short |
Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
title_full |
Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
title_fullStr |
Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biochemical and toxinological characterization of Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
title_sort |
biochemical and toxinological characterization of naja sumatrana (equatorial spitting cobra) venom |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 https://doaj.org/article/9a5b25206a944dbb96a27bb7f4189df4 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 4, Pp 451-459 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000400012 https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 doi:10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 1678-9199 https://doaj.org/article/9a5b25206a944dbb96a27bb7f4189df4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992011000400012 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
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17 |
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4 |
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1766340770012332032 |