Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid.
For the first time, differential attraction of pathogen vectors to vertebrate animals is investigated for novel repellents which when applied to preferred host animals turn them into non-hosts thereby providing a new paradigm for innovative vector control. For effectively controlling tsetse flies (G...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:99ee3837917946808ea9270ee23c85cf 2023-05-15T15:14:29+02:00 Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. Rajinder K Saini Benedict O Orindi Norber Mbahin John A Andoke Peter N Muasa David M Mbuvi Caroline M Muya John A Pickett Christian W Borgemeister 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 https://doaj.org/article/99ee3837917946808ea9270ee23c85cf EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5659797?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 https://doaj.org/article/99ee3837917946808ea9270ee23c85cf PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005977 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 2022-12-31T02:10:15Z For the first time, differential attraction of pathogen vectors to vertebrate animals is investigated for novel repellents which when applied to preferred host animals turn them into non-hosts thereby providing a new paradigm for innovative vector control. For effectively controlling tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomosis, causing nagana, repellents more powerful than plant derived, from a non-host animal the waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa, have recently been identified. Here we investigate these repellents in the field to protect cattle from nagana by making cattle as unattractive as the buck.To dispense the waterbuck repellents comprising guaiacol, geranylacetone, pentanoic acid and δ-octalactone, (patent application) we developed an innovative collar-mounted release system for individual cattle. We tested protecting cattle, under natural tsetse challenge, from tsetse transmitted nagana in a large field trial comprising 1,100 cattle with repellent collars in Kenya for 24 months. The collars provided substantial protection to livestock from trypanosome infection by reducing disease levels >80%. Protected cattle were healthier, showed significantly reduced disease levels, higher packed cell volume and significantly increased weight. Collars >60% reduced trypanocide use, 72.7% increase in ownership of oxen per household and enhanced traction power (protected animals ploughed 66% more land than unprotected). Land under cultivation increased by 73.4%. Increase in traction power of protected animals reduced by 69.1% acres tilled by hand per household per ploughing season. Improved food security and household income from very high acceptance of collars (99%) motivated the farmers to form a registered community based organization promoting collars for integrated tsetse control and their commercialization.Clear demonstration that repellents from un-preferred hosts prevent contact between host and vector, thereby preventing disease transmission: a new paradigm for vector control. ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 10 e0005977 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rajinder K Saini Benedict O Orindi Norber Mbahin John A Andoke Peter N Muasa David M Mbuvi Caroline M Muya John A Pickett Christian W Borgemeister Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
For the first time, differential attraction of pathogen vectors to vertebrate animals is investigated for novel repellents which when applied to preferred host animals turn them into non-hosts thereby providing a new paradigm for innovative vector control. For effectively controlling tsetse flies (Glossina spp.), vectors of African trypanosomosis, causing nagana, repellents more powerful than plant derived, from a non-host animal the waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa, have recently been identified. Here we investigate these repellents in the field to protect cattle from nagana by making cattle as unattractive as the buck.To dispense the waterbuck repellents comprising guaiacol, geranylacetone, pentanoic acid and δ-octalactone, (patent application) we developed an innovative collar-mounted release system for individual cattle. We tested protecting cattle, under natural tsetse challenge, from tsetse transmitted nagana in a large field trial comprising 1,100 cattle with repellent collars in Kenya for 24 months. The collars provided substantial protection to livestock from trypanosome infection by reducing disease levels >80%. Protected cattle were healthier, showed significantly reduced disease levels, higher packed cell volume and significantly increased weight. Collars >60% reduced trypanocide use, 72.7% increase in ownership of oxen per household and enhanced traction power (protected animals ploughed 66% more land than unprotected). Land under cultivation increased by 73.4%. Increase in traction power of protected animals reduced by 69.1% acres tilled by hand per household per ploughing season. Improved food security and household income from very high acceptance of collars (99%) motivated the farmers to form a registered community based organization promoting collars for integrated tsetse control and their commercialization.Clear demonstration that repellents from un-preferred hosts prevent contact between host and vector, thereby preventing disease transmission: a new paradigm for vector control. ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rajinder K Saini Benedict O Orindi Norber Mbahin John A Andoke Peter N Muasa David M Mbuvi Caroline M Muya John A Pickett Christian W Borgemeister |
author_facet |
Rajinder K Saini Benedict O Orindi Norber Mbahin John A Andoke Peter N Muasa David M Mbuvi Caroline M Muya John A Pickett Christian W Borgemeister |
author_sort |
Rajinder K Saini |
title |
Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
title_short |
Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
title_full |
Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
title_fullStr |
Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Protecting cows in small holder farms in East Africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
title_sort |
protecting cows in small holder farms in east africa from tsetse flies by mimicking the odor profile of a non-host bovid. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 https://doaj.org/article/99ee3837917946808ea9270ee23c85cf |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005977 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5659797?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 https://doaj.org/article/99ee3837917946808ea9270ee23c85cf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005977 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e0005977 |
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