SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption
The 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at Surtsey volcano, sponsored in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), provides precise observations of the hydrothermal, geochem...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 https://doaj.org/article/9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 2023-05-15T16:51:15+02:00 SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption M. D. Jackson M. T. Gudmundsson T. B. Weisenberger J. M. Rhodes A. Stefánsson B. I. Kleine P. C. Lippert J. M. Marquardt H. I. Reynolds J. Kück V. T. Marteinsson P. Vannier W. Bach A. Barich P. Bergsten J. G. Bryce P. Cappelletti S. Couper M. F. Fahnestock C. F. Gorny C. Grimaldi M. Groh Á. Gudmundsson Á. T. Gunnlaugsson C. Hamlin T. Högnadóttir K. Jónasson S. S. Jónsson S. L. Jørgensen A. M. Klonowski B. Marshall E. Massey J. McPhie J. G. Moore E. S. Ólafsson S. L. Onstad V. Perez S. Prause S. P. Snorrason A. Türke J. D. L. White B. Zimanowski 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 https://doaj.org/article/9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.sci-dril.net/25/35/2019/sd-25-35-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1816-8957 https://doaj.org/toc/1816-3459 doi:10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 1816-8957 1816-3459 https://doaj.org/article/9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 Scientific Drilling, Vol 25, Pp 35-46 (2019) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 2022-12-31T04:47:53Z The 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at Surtsey volcano, sponsored in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), provides precise observations of the hydrothermal, geochemical, geomagnetic, and microbiological changes that have occurred in basaltic tephra and minor intrusions since explosive and effusive eruptions produced the oceanic island in 1963–1967. Two vertically cored boreholes, to 152 and 192 m below the surface, were drilled using filtered, UV-sterilized seawater circulating fluid to minimize microbial contamination. These cores parallel a 181 m core drilled in 1979. Introductory investigations indicate changes in material properties and whole-rock compositions over the past 38 years. A Surtsey subsurface observatory installed to 181 m in one vertical borehole holds incubation experiments that monitor in situ mineralogical and microbial alteration processes at 25–124 ∘ C. A third cored borehole, inclined 55 ∘ in a 264 ∘ azimuthal direction to 354 m measured depth, provides further insights into eruption processes, including the presence of a diatreme that extends at least 100 m into the seafloor beneath the Surtur crater. The SUSTAIN project provides the first time-lapse drilling record into a very young oceanic basaltic volcano over a range of temperatures, 25–141 ∘ C from 1979 to 2017, and subaerial and submarine hydrothermal fluid compositions. Rigorous procedures undertaken during the drilling operation protected the sensitive environment of the Surtsey Natural Preserve. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Surtsey Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Surtsey ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) Scientific Drilling 25 35 46 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 M. D. Jackson M. T. Gudmundsson T. B. Weisenberger J. M. Rhodes A. Stefánsson B. I. Kleine P. C. Lippert J. M. Marquardt H. I. Reynolds J. Kück V. T. Marteinsson P. Vannier W. Bach A. Barich P. Bergsten J. G. Bryce P. Cappelletti S. Couper M. F. Fahnestock C. F. Gorny C. Grimaldi M. Groh Á. Gudmundsson Á. T. Gunnlaugsson C. Hamlin T. Högnadóttir K. Jónasson S. S. Jónsson S. L. Jørgensen A. M. Klonowski B. Marshall E. Massey J. McPhie J. G. Moore E. S. Ólafsson S. L. Onstad V. Perez S. Prause S. P. Snorrason A. Türke J. D. L. White B. Zimanowski SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at Surtsey volcano, sponsored in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), provides precise observations of the hydrothermal, geochemical, geomagnetic, and microbiological changes that have occurred in basaltic tephra and minor intrusions since explosive and effusive eruptions produced the oceanic island in 1963–1967. Two vertically cored boreholes, to 152 and 192 m below the surface, were drilled using filtered, UV-sterilized seawater circulating fluid to minimize microbial contamination. These cores parallel a 181 m core drilled in 1979. Introductory investigations indicate changes in material properties and whole-rock compositions over the past 38 years. A Surtsey subsurface observatory installed to 181 m in one vertical borehole holds incubation experiments that monitor in situ mineralogical and microbial alteration processes at 25–124 ∘ C. A third cored borehole, inclined 55 ∘ in a 264 ∘ azimuthal direction to 354 m measured depth, provides further insights into eruption processes, including the presence of a diatreme that extends at least 100 m into the seafloor beneath the Surtur crater. The SUSTAIN project provides the first time-lapse drilling record into a very young oceanic basaltic volcano over a range of temperatures, 25–141 ∘ C from 1979 to 2017, and subaerial and submarine hydrothermal fluid compositions. Rigorous procedures undertaken during the drilling operation protected the sensitive environment of the Surtsey Natural Preserve. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. D. Jackson M. T. Gudmundsson T. B. Weisenberger J. M. Rhodes A. Stefánsson B. I. Kleine P. C. Lippert J. M. Marquardt H. I. Reynolds J. Kück V. T. Marteinsson P. Vannier W. Bach A. Barich P. Bergsten J. G. Bryce P. Cappelletti S. Couper M. F. Fahnestock C. F. Gorny C. Grimaldi M. Groh Á. Gudmundsson Á. T. Gunnlaugsson C. Hamlin T. Högnadóttir K. Jónasson S. S. Jónsson S. L. Jørgensen A. M. Klonowski B. Marshall E. Massey J. McPhie J. G. Moore E. S. Ólafsson S. L. Onstad V. Perez S. Prause S. P. Snorrason A. Türke J. D. L. White B. Zimanowski |
author_facet |
M. D. Jackson M. T. Gudmundsson T. B. Weisenberger J. M. Rhodes A. Stefánsson B. I. Kleine P. C. Lippert J. M. Marquardt H. I. Reynolds J. Kück V. T. Marteinsson P. Vannier W. Bach A. Barich P. Bergsten J. G. Bryce P. Cappelletti S. Couper M. F. Fahnestock C. F. Gorny C. Grimaldi M. Groh Á. Gudmundsson Á. T. Gunnlaugsson C. Hamlin T. Högnadóttir K. Jónasson S. S. Jónsson S. L. Jørgensen A. M. Klonowski B. Marshall E. Massey J. McPhie J. G. Moore E. S. Ólafsson S. L. Onstad V. Perez S. Prause S. P. Snorrason A. Türke J. D. L. White B. Zimanowski |
author_sort |
M. D. Jackson |
title |
SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
title_short |
SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
title_full |
SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
title_fullStr |
SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
title_full_unstemmed |
SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
title_sort |
sustain drilling at surtsey volcano, iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 https://doaj.org/article/9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-20.608,-20.608,63.301,63.301) |
geographic |
Surtsey |
geographic_facet |
Surtsey |
genre |
Iceland Surtsey |
genre_facet |
Iceland Surtsey |
op_source |
Scientific Drilling, Vol 25, Pp 35-46 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.sci-dril.net/25/35/2019/sd-25-35-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1816-8957 https://doaj.org/toc/1816-3459 doi:10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 1816-8957 1816-3459 https://doaj.org/article/9931951a29fc432793cc581882670796 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 |
container_title |
Scientific Drilling |
container_volume |
25 |
container_start_page |
35 |
op_container_end_page |
46 |
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1766041368675745792 |