Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children.
The control or elimination of neglected tropical diseases has recently become the focus of increased interest and funding from international agencies through the donation of drugs. Resources are becoming available for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection through school-based de...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:98a3a6ffb2784848a6fff3a45a22b157 2023-05-15T15:16:10+02:00 Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. James Truscott T Déirdre Hollingsworth Roy Anderson 2014-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 https://doaj.org/article/98a3a6ffb2784848a6fff3a45a22b157 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256169?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 https://doaj.org/article/98a3a6ffb2784848a6fff3a45a22b157 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e3323 (2014) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 2022-12-31T12:17:47Z The control or elimination of neglected tropical diseases has recently become the focus of increased interest and funding from international agencies through the donation of drugs. Resources are becoming available for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection through school-based deworming strategies. However, little research has been conducted to assess the impact of STH treatment that could be used to guide the design of efficient elimination programs.We construct and analyse an age-structured model of STH population dynamics under regular treatment. We investigate the potential for elimination with finite rounds of treatment, and how this depends on the value of the basic reproductive number R0 and treatment frequency.Analysis of the model indicates that its behaviour is determined by key parameter groupings describing the basic reproduction number and the fraction of it attributable to the treated group, the timescale of material in the environment and the frequency and efficacy of treatment. Mechanisms of sexual reproduction and persistence of infectious material in the environment are found to be much more important in the context of elimination than in the undisturbed baseline scenario. For a given rate of drug use, sexual reproduction dictates that less frequent, higher coverage treatment is more effective. For a given treatment coverage level, the lifespan of infectious material in the environment places a limit on the effectiveness of increased treatment frequency.Our work suggests that for models to capture the dynamics of parasite burdens in populations under regular treatment as elimination is approached, they need to include the effects of sexual reproduction among parasites and the dynamics infectious material in the reservoir. The interaction of these two mechanisms has a strong effect on optimum treatment strategies, both in terms of how frequently to treat and for how long. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 12 e3323 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 James Truscott T Déirdre Hollingsworth Roy Anderson Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
The control or elimination of neglected tropical diseases has recently become the focus of increased interest and funding from international agencies through the donation of drugs. Resources are becoming available for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection through school-based deworming strategies. However, little research has been conducted to assess the impact of STH treatment that could be used to guide the design of efficient elimination programs.We construct and analyse an age-structured model of STH population dynamics under regular treatment. We investigate the potential for elimination with finite rounds of treatment, and how this depends on the value of the basic reproductive number R0 and treatment frequency.Analysis of the model indicates that its behaviour is determined by key parameter groupings describing the basic reproduction number and the fraction of it attributable to the treated group, the timescale of material in the environment and the frequency and efficacy of treatment. Mechanisms of sexual reproduction and persistence of infectious material in the environment are found to be much more important in the context of elimination than in the undisturbed baseline scenario. For a given rate of drug use, sexual reproduction dictates that less frequent, higher coverage treatment is more effective. For a given treatment coverage level, the lifespan of infectious material in the environment places a limit on the effectiveness of increased treatment frequency.Our work suggests that for models to capture the dynamics of parasite burdens in populations under regular treatment as elimination is approached, they need to include the effects of sexual reproduction among parasites and the dynamics infectious material in the reservoir. The interaction of these two mechanisms has a strong effect on optimum treatment strategies, both in terms of how frequently to treat and for how long. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
James Truscott T Déirdre Hollingsworth Roy Anderson |
author_facet |
James Truscott T Déirdre Hollingsworth Roy Anderson |
author_sort |
James Truscott |
title |
Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
title_short |
Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
title_full |
Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
title_sort |
modeling the interruption of the transmission of soil-transmitted helminths by repeated mass chemotherapy of school-age children. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 https://doaj.org/article/98a3a6ffb2784848a6fff3a45a22b157 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e3323 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256169?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 https://doaj.org/article/98a3a6ffb2784848a6fff3a45a22b157 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003323 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e3323 |
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1766346460998139904 |