Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra
Abstract Climate change, including both increasing temperatures and changing snow regimes, is progressing rapidly in the Arctic, leading to changes in plant phenology and in the seasonal patterns of plant properties, such as tissue nitrogen (N) content and community aboveground biomass. However, sig...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:98378f2f2134423d96ee3f628b1b2df2 2023-06-18T03:38:53+02:00 Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra Katharine C. Kelsey Stine Højlund Pedersen A. Joshua Leffler Joseph O. Sexton Jeffrey M. Welker 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/article/98378f2f2134423d96ee3f628b1b2df2 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/toc/2150-8925 2150-8925 doi:10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/article/98378f2f2134423d96ee3f628b1b2df2 Ecosphere, Vol 14, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2023) Arctic biomass carbon functional group leaf nitrogen NDVI Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 2023-06-04T00:39:34Z Abstract Climate change, including both increasing temperatures and changing snow regimes, is progressing rapidly in the Arctic, leading to changes in plant phenology and in the seasonal patterns of plant properties, such as tissue nitrogen (N) content and community aboveground biomass. However, significant knowledge gaps remain over how these seasonal patterns vary among Arctic plant functional groups (i.e., shrubs, grasses, and forbs) and across large geographical areas. We used three years of in situ field vegetation sampling from an 80,000‐km2 area in Arctic Alaska, remotely sensed vegetation data (daily normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]), and modeled output of snow‐free date to determine and model the seasonal trends and primary controls on leaf percent nitrogen and biomass (in grams per square meter) among Arctic vegetation functional groups. We determined relative vegetation phenology stage at a 500‐m spatial scale resolution, defined as the number of days between the date of the seasonal maximum NDVI and the vegetation field sampling date, and relative snow phenology stage (90‐m spatial scale) was determined as the number of days between the date of snow‐free ground and the sampling date. Models including relative phenology stage were particularly important for explaining seasonal variability of %N in shrubs, graminoids, and forbs. Similarly, vegetation and snow phenology stages were also important for modeling seasonal biomass of shrubs and graminoids; however, for all functional groups, the models explained only a small amount of seasonal variability in biomass. Relative phenology stage was a stronger predictor of %N and biomass than geographic position, indicating that localized controls on phenology, acting at spatial scales of 500 m and smaller, are critical to understanding %N and biomass. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Ecosphere 14 5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic biomass carbon functional group leaf nitrogen NDVI Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic biomass carbon functional group leaf nitrogen NDVI Ecology QH540-549.5 Katharine C. Kelsey Stine Højlund Pedersen A. Joshua Leffler Joseph O. Sexton Jeffrey M. Welker Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
topic_facet |
Arctic biomass carbon functional group leaf nitrogen NDVI Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Climate change, including both increasing temperatures and changing snow regimes, is progressing rapidly in the Arctic, leading to changes in plant phenology and in the seasonal patterns of plant properties, such as tissue nitrogen (N) content and community aboveground biomass. However, significant knowledge gaps remain over how these seasonal patterns vary among Arctic plant functional groups (i.e., shrubs, grasses, and forbs) and across large geographical areas. We used three years of in situ field vegetation sampling from an 80,000‐km2 area in Arctic Alaska, remotely sensed vegetation data (daily normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]), and modeled output of snow‐free date to determine and model the seasonal trends and primary controls on leaf percent nitrogen and biomass (in grams per square meter) among Arctic vegetation functional groups. We determined relative vegetation phenology stage at a 500‐m spatial scale resolution, defined as the number of days between the date of the seasonal maximum NDVI and the vegetation field sampling date, and relative snow phenology stage (90‐m spatial scale) was determined as the number of days between the date of snow‐free ground and the sampling date. Models including relative phenology stage were particularly important for explaining seasonal variability of %N in shrubs, graminoids, and forbs. Similarly, vegetation and snow phenology stages were also important for modeling seasonal biomass of shrubs and graminoids; however, for all functional groups, the models explained only a small amount of seasonal variability in biomass. Relative phenology stage was a stronger predictor of %N and biomass than geographic position, indicating that localized controls on phenology, acting at spatial scales of 500 m and smaller, are critical to understanding %N and biomass. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Katharine C. Kelsey Stine Højlund Pedersen A. Joshua Leffler Joseph O. Sexton Jeffrey M. Welker |
author_facet |
Katharine C. Kelsey Stine Højlund Pedersen A. Joshua Leffler Joseph O. Sexton Jeffrey M. Welker |
author_sort |
Katharine C. Kelsey |
title |
Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
title_short |
Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
title_full |
Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
title_fullStr |
Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in Arctic tundra |
title_sort |
snow and vegetation seasonality influence seasonal trends of leaf nitrogen and biomass in arctic tundra |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/article/98378f2f2134423d96ee3f628b1b2df2 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Tundra Alaska |
op_source |
Ecosphere, Vol 14, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2023) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/toc/2150-8925 2150-8925 doi:10.1002/ecs2.4515 https://doaj.org/article/98378f2f2134423d96ee3f628b1b2df2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4515 |
container_title |
Ecosphere |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
5 |
_version_ |
1769003732481081344 |