Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia.
West Nile virus is globally wide-spread and causes significant disease in humans and animals. The evolution of West Nile virus Kunjin subtype in Australia (WNVKUN) was investigated using archival samples collected over a period of 50 years. Based on the pattern of fixed amino acid substitutions and...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:95bd0e983ee442ff9694c39e7ea8db8e 2023-05-15T15:08:18+02:00 Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. Bixing Huang Natalie A Prow Andrew F van den Hurk Richard J N Allcock Peter R Moore Stephen L Doggett David Warrilow 2016-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 https://doaj.org/article/95bd0e983ee442ff9694c39e7ea8db8e EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5131910?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 https://doaj.org/article/95bd0e983ee442ff9694c39e7ea8db8e PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 12, p e0005159 (2016) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 2022-12-31T15:58:41Z West Nile virus is globally wide-spread and causes significant disease in humans and animals. The evolution of West Nile virus Kunjin subtype in Australia (WNVKUN) was investigated using archival samples collected over a period of 50 years. Based on the pattern of fixed amino acid substitutions and time-stamped molecular clock analyses, a single long-term lineage (or topotype) was inferred. This implies that a bottleneck exists such that regional strains eventually die out and are replaced with strains from a single source. This was consistent with current hypotheses regarding the distribution of WNVKUN, whereby the virus is enzootic in northern Australia and is disseminated to southern states by water-birds or mosquitoes after flooding associated with above average rainfall. In addition, two previous amino acid changes associated with pathogenicity, an N-Y-S glycosylation motif in the envelope protein and a phenylalanine at amino acid 653 in the RNA polymerase, were both detected in all isolates collected since the 1980s. Changes primarily occurred due to stochastic drift. One fixed substitution each in NS3 and NS5, subtly changed the chemical environment of important functional groups, and may be involved in fine-tuning RNA synthesis. Understanding these evolutionary changes will help us to better understand events such as the emergence of the virulent strain in 2011. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10 12 e0005159 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Bixing Huang Natalie A Prow Andrew F van den Hurk Richard J N Allcock Peter R Moore Stephen L Doggett David Warrilow Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
West Nile virus is globally wide-spread and causes significant disease in humans and animals. The evolution of West Nile virus Kunjin subtype in Australia (WNVKUN) was investigated using archival samples collected over a period of 50 years. Based on the pattern of fixed amino acid substitutions and time-stamped molecular clock analyses, a single long-term lineage (or topotype) was inferred. This implies that a bottleneck exists such that regional strains eventually die out and are replaced with strains from a single source. This was consistent with current hypotheses regarding the distribution of WNVKUN, whereby the virus is enzootic in northern Australia and is disseminated to southern states by water-birds or mosquitoes after flooding associated with above average rainfall. In addition, two previous amino acid changes associated with pathogenicity, an N-Y-S glycosylation motif in the envelope protein and a phenylalanine at amino acid 653 in the RNA polymerase, were both detected in all isolates collected since the 1980s. Changes primarily occurred due to stochastic drift. One fixed substitution each in NS3 and NS5, subtly changed the chemical environment of important functional groups, and may be involved in fine-tuning RNA synthesis. Understanding these evolutionary changes will help us to better understand events such as the emergence of the virulent strain in 2011. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bixing Huang Natalie A Prow Andrew F van den Hurk Richard J N Allcock Peter R Moore Stephen L Doggett David Warrilow |
author_facet |
Bixing Huang Natalie A Prow Andrew F van den Hurk Richard J N Allcock Peter R Moore Stephen L Doggett David Warrilow |
author_sort |
Bixing Huang |
title |
Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
title_short |
Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
title_full |
Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
title_fullStr |
Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Archival Isolates Confirm a Single Topotype of West Nile Virus in Australia. |
title_sort |
archival isolates confirm a single topotype of west nile virus in australia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 https://doaj.org/article/95bd0e983ee442ff9694c39e7ea8db8e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 12, p e0005159 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5131910?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 https://doaj.org/article/95bd0e983ee442ff9694c39e7ea8db8e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005159 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e0005159 |
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