A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors
Abstract An outbreak of malaria in Naxalbari, West Bengal, India, in 2005 was investigated to understand determinants and propose control measures. Malaria cases were slide-confirmed. Methods included calculation of annual blood examination rates (ABER, number of slides examined/population), collect...
Published in: | Malaria Journal |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2009
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 https://doaj.org/article/9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 2023-05-15T15:08:58+02:00 A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors Sharma Raju Hutin Yvan J Ramanchandran Ramakrishnan Sharma Puran K Gupte Mohan D 2009-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 https://doaj.org/article/9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/1/288 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 Malaria Journal, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 288 (2009) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2009 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 2022-12-31T11:45:37Z Abstract An outbreak of malaria in Naxalbari, West Bengal, India, in 2005 was investigated to understand determinants and propose control measures. Malaria cases were slide-confirmed. Methods included calculation of annual blood examination rates (ABER, number of slides examined/population), collection of water specimens from potential vector-breeding sites, sorting of villages in categories depending on the number of abandoned wells within two kilometers radius and review of the DDT spray coverage. Cases were compared with matched neighbourhood controls in terms of personal protection using matched odds ratios (MOR). 7,303 cases and 17 deaths were reported between April 2005 and March 2006 with a peak during October rains (Attack rate: 50 per 1,000, case fatality: 0.2%). The attack rate increased according to the number of abandoned wells within 2 kilometres radius (P < 0.0001, Chi-square for trend). Abandoned wells were Anopheles breeding sites. Compared with controls, cases were more likely to sleep outdoors (MOR: 3.8) and less likely to use of mosquito nets and repellents (MOR: 0.3 and 0.1, respectively). DDT spray coverage and ABER were 39% and 3.5%, below the recommended 85% and 10%, respectively. Overall, this outbreak resulted from weaknesses in malaria control measures and a combination of factors, including vector breeding, low implementation of personal protection and weak case detection. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 8 1 288 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Sharma Raju Hutin Yvan J Ramanchandran Ramakrishnan Sharma Puran K Gupte Mohan D A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract An outbreak of malaria in Naxalbari, West Bengal, India, in 2005 was investigated to understand determinants and propose control measures. Malaria cases were slide-confirmed. Methods included calculation of annual blood examination rates (ABER, number of slides examined/population), collection of water specimens from potential vector-breeding sites, sorting of villages in categories depending on the number of abandoned wells within two kilometers radius and review of the DDT spray coverage. Cases were compared with matched neighbourhood controls in terms of personal protection using matched odds ratios (MOR). 7,303 cases and 17 deaths were reported between April 2005 and March 2006 with a peak during October rains (Attack rate: 50 per 1,000, case fatality: 0.2%). The attack rate increased according to the number of abandoned wells within 2 kilometres radius (P < 0.0001, Chi-square for trend). Abandoned wells were Anopheles breeding sites. Compared with controls, cases were more likely to sleep outdoors (MOR: 3.8) and less likely to use of mosquito nets and repellents (MOR: 0.3 and 0.1, respectively). DDT spray coverage and ABER were 39% and 3.5%, below the recommended 85% and 10%, respectively. Overall, this outbreak resulted from weaknesses in malaria control measures and a combination of factors, including vector breeding, low implementation of personal protection and weak case detection. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sharma Raju Hutin Yvan J Ramanchandran Ramakrishnan Sharma Puran K Gupte Mohan D |
author_facet |
Sharma Raju Hutin Yvan J Ramanchandran Ramakrishnan Sharma Puran K Gupte Mohan D |
author_sort |
Sharma Raju |
title |
A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
title_short |
A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
title_full |
A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
title_fullStr |
A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
title_full_unstemmed |
A malaria outbreak in Naxalbari, Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
title_sort |
malaria outbreak in naxalbari, darjeeling district, west bengal, india, 2005: weaknesses in disease control, important risk factors |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 https://doaj.org/article/9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 288 (2009) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/1/288 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/9541b36018644614b56d375f6f381183 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-288 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
288 |
_version_ |
1766340225715404800 |