Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo.
BACKGROUND:Togo has conducted annual, integrated, community-based mass drug administration (MDA) for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and schistosomiasis since 2010. Treatment frequency and target populations are determined by disease prevalence, as measured by baseline surveys in 2007 and 2009, and...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:94b122a50f214fcc8c96ee71affed715 2023-05-15T15:16:08+02:00 Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. Rachel N Bronzan Ameyo M Dorkenoo Yao M Agbo Wemboo Halatoko Yao Layibo Poukpessi Adjeloh Menssah Teko Efoe Sossou Kossi Yakpa Mawèké Tchalim Gbati Datagni Anders Seim Koffi S Sognikin 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 https://doaj.org/article/94b122a50f214fcc8c96ee71affed715 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6124778?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 https://doaj.org/article/94b122a50f214fcc8c96ee71affed715 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e0006551 (2018) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 2022-12-31T03:44:30Z BACKGROUND:Togo has conducted annual, integrated, community-based mass drug administration (MDA) for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and schistosomiasis since 2010. Treatment frequency and target populations are determined by disease prevalence, as measured by baseline surveys in 2007 and 2009, and WHO guidelines. Reported programmatic treatment coverage has averaged over 94%. Togo conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2015 to assess the impact of four to five years of MDA on these diseases. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:In every sub-district in the country outside the capital, the same schools were visited as at baseline and a sample of fifteen children age 6 to 9 years old was drawn. Each child submitted urine and a stool sample. Urine samples were tested by dipstick for the presence of blood as a proxy measure of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Stool samples were analyzed by the Kato-Katz method for STH and Schistosoma mansoni. At baseline, 17,100 children were enrolled at 1,129 schools in 562 sub-districts; in 2015, 16,890 children were enrolled at the same schools. The overall prevalence of both STH and schistosomiasis declined significantly, from 31.5% to 11.6% for STH and from 23.5% to 5.0% for schistosomiasis (p<0.001 in both instances). Egg counts from both years were available only for hookworm and S. mansoni; intensity of infection decreased significantly for both infections from 2009 to 2015 (p<0.001 for both infections). In areas with high baseline prevalence, rebound of hookworm infection was noted in children who had not received albendazole in the past 6 months. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:After four to five years of MDA in Togo, the prevalence and intensity of STH and schistosomiasis infection were significantly reduced compared to baseline. Data on STH indicate that stopping MDA in areas with high baseline prevalence may result in significant rebound of infection. Togo's findings may help refine treatment recommendations for these diseases. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12 8 e0006551 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rachel N Bronzan Ameyo M Dorkenoo Yao M Agbo Wemboo Halatoko Yao Layibo Poukpessi Adjeloh Menssah Teko Efoe Sossou Kossi Yakpa Mawèké Tchalim Gbati Datagni Anders Seim Koffi S Sognikin Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Togo has conducted annual, integrated, community-based mass drug administration (MDA) for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and schistosomiasis since 2010. Treatment frequency and target populations are determined by disease prevalence, as measured by baseline surveys in 2007 and 2009, and WHO guidelines. Reported programmatic treatment coverage has averaged over 94%. Togo conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2015 to assess the impact of four to five years of MDA on these diseases. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:In every sub-district in the country outside the capital, the same schools were visited as at baseline and a sample of fifteen children age 6 to 9 years old was drawn. Each child submitted urine and a stool sample. Urine samples were tested by dipstick for the presence of blood as a proxy measure of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Stool samples were analyzed by the Kato-Katz method for STH and Schistosoma mansoni. At baseline, 17,100 children were enrolled at 1,129 schools in 562 sub-districts; in 2015, 16,890 children were enrolled at the same schools. The overall prevalence of both STH and schistosomiasis declined significantly, from 31.5% to 11.6% for STH and from 23.5% to 5.0% for schistosomiasis (p<0.001 in both instances). Egg counts from both years were available only for hookworm and S. mansoni; intensity of infection decreased significantly for both infections from 2009 to 2015 (p<0.001 for both infections). In areas with high baseline prevalence, rebound of hookworm infection was noted in children who had not received albendazole in the past 6 months. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:After four to five years of MDA in Togo, the prevalence and intensity of STH and schistosomiasis infection were significantly reduced compared to baseline. Data on STH indicate that stopping MDA in areas with high baseline prevalence may result in significant rebound of infection. Togo's findings may help refine treatment recommendations for these diseases. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rachel N Bronzan Ameyo M Dorkenoo Yao M Agbo Wemboo Halatoko Yao Layibo Poukpessi Adjeloh Menssah Teko Efoe Sossou Kossi Yakpa Mawèké Tchalim Gbati Datagni Anders Seim Koffi S Sognikin |
author_facet |
Rachel N Bronzan Ameyo M Dorkenoo Yao M Agbo Wemboo Halatoko Yao Layibo Poukpessi Adjeloh Menssah Teko Efoe Sossou Kossi Yakpa Mawèké Tchalim Gbati Datagni Anders Seim Koffi S Sognikin |
author_sort |
Rachel N Bronzan |
title |
Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
title_short |
Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
title_full |
Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
title_fullStr |
Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in Togo. |
title_sort |
impact of community-based integrated mass drug administration on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth prevalence in togo. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 https://doaj.org/article/94b122a50f214fcc8c96ee71affed715 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e0006551 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6124778?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 https://doaj.org/article/94b122a50f214fcc8c96ee71affed715 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006551 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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12 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
e0006551 |
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