Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013
Abstract Background Snakebites cause considerable death and injury throughout the globe, particularly in tropical regions, and pose an important yet neglected threat to public health. In 2008, the Centre Anti Poison et de Parmacovigilance du Maroc (CAPM) started to set up a specific strategy for the...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 https://doaj.org/article/93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c 2023-05-15T15:16:03+02:00 Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 Fouad Chafiq Faiçal El Hattimy Naima Rhalem Jean-Philippe Chippaux Abdelmajid Soulaymani Abdelrhani Mokhtari Rachida Soulaymani-Bencheikh 2016-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 https://doaj.org/article/93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100308&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 https://doaj.org/article/93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 22, Iss 0 (2016) Snakebite Envenomation Viper Morocco Epidemiology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 2022-12-31T02:11:25Z Abstract Background Snakebites cause considerable death and injury throughout the globe, particularly in tropical regions, and pose an important yet neglected threat to public health. In 2008, the Centre Anti Poison et de Parmacovigilance du Maroc (CAPM) started to set up a specific strategy for the control of snakebites that was formalized in 2012. The aim of the present study is to describe and update the epidemiological characteristics of snakebites notified to CAPM between 2009 and 2013. Methods This retrospective five-year study included all cases of snakebites notified to CAPM by mail or phone. Results During the study period, 873 snakebite cases were reported to CAPM, an average incidence of 2.65 cases per 100,000 inhabitants with 218 cases each year. The highest incidence was found in Tangier-Tetouan region with 357 cases (40.9 %) followed by Souss Massa Draa region with 128 cases (14.6 %). The average age of patients was 26.8 ± 17.2 years. The male to female sex ratio was 1.67:1 and 77 % of cases occurred in rural areas. The bites occurred mainly in spring (44 %) followed by summer (42 %). Snake species was identified in 54 cases (6.2 %): colubrids represented 31 % (n = 18) and vipers 67 % (n = 36), mainly Daboia mauritanica, Bitis arietans and Cerastes cerastes. In 311 cases (35.6 %), the patients showed viper syndrome. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 23.5 % of viper syndrome cases, whereas, compartment syndrome was observed in 7.6 % patients. FAV-Afrique® was administered in 41 patients (5 %). In patients treated with antivenom, 38 patients recovered and three died. Twenty-seven deaths were reported (3.9 %). Conclusion Despite specific efforts to better understand the epidemiology of snakebites in Morocco (incidence, severity, snake species involved), it remains underestimated. Therefore, further work is still necessary to ensure accessibility of appropriate antivenom against venomous species and to improve the management of envenomation in Morocco. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 22 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Snakebite Envenomation Viper Morocco Epidemiology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Snakebite Envenomation Viper Morocco Epidemiology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 Fouad Chafiq Faiçal El Hattimy Naima Rhalem Jean-Philippe Chippaux Abdelmajid Soulaymani Abdelrhani Mokhtari Rachida Soulaymani-Bencheikh Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
topic_facet |
Snakebite Envenomation Viper Morocco Epidemiology Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Abstract Background Snakebites cause considerable death and injury throughout the globe, particularly in tropical regions, and pose an important yet neglected threat to public health. In 2008, the Centre Anti Poison et de Parmacovigilance du Maroc (CAPM) started to set up a specific strategy for the control of snakebites that was formalized in 2012. The aim of the present study is to describe and update the epidemiological characteristics of snakebites notified to CAPM between 2009 and 2013. Methods This retrospective five-year study included all cases of snakebites notified to CAPM by mail or phone. Results During the study period, 873 snakebite cases were reported to CAPM, an average incidence of 2.65 cases per 100,000 inhabitants with 218 cases each year. The highest incidence was found in Tangier-Tetouan region with 357 cases (40.9 %) followed by Souss Massa Draa region with 128 cases (14.6 %). The average age of patients was 26.8 ± 17.2 years. The male to female sex ratio was 1.67:1 and 77 % of cases occurred in rural areas. The bites occurred mainly in spring (44 %) followed by summer (42 %). Snake species was identified in 54 cases (6.2 %): colubrids represented 31 % (n = 18) and vipers 67 % (n = 36), mainly Daboia mauritanica, Bitis arietans and Cerastes cerastes. In 311 cases (35.6 %), the patients showed viper syndrome. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 23.5 % of viper syndrome cases, whereas, compartment syndrome was observed in 7.6 % patients. FAV-Afrique® was administered in 41 patients (5 %). In patients treated with antivenom, 38 patients recovered and three died. Twenty-seven deaths were reported (3.9 %). Conclusion Despite specific efforts to better understand the epidemiology of snakebites in Morocco (incidence, severity, snake species involved), it remains underestimated. Therefore, further work is still necessary to ensure accessibility of appropriate antivenom against venomous species and to improve the management of envenomation in Morocco. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fouad Chafiq Faiçal El Hattimy Naima Rhalem Jean-Philippe Chippaux Abdelmajid Soulaymani Abdelrhani Mokhtari Rachida Soulaymani-Bencheikh |
author_facet |
Fouad Chafiq Faiçal El Hattimy Naima Rhalem Jean-Philippe Chippaux Abdelmajid Soulaymani Abdelrhani Mokhtari Rachida Soulaymani-Bencheikh |
author_sort |
Fouad Chafiq |
title |
Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
title_short |
Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
title_full |
Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
title_fullStr |
Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
title_sort |
snakebites notified to the poison control center of morocco between 2009 and 2013 |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 https://doaj.org/article/93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 22, Iss 0 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100308&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 https://doaj.org/article/93f8e42e725a4280a88b0fc1fa09ac4c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/S40409-016-0065-8 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766346369485766656 |