Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream
As many bacteria detected in Antarctic environments are neither true psychrophiles nor endemic species, their proliferation in spite of environmental extremes gives rise to genome adaptations. Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 is a bacterial isolate from the Cotton Glacier stream, Antarctica. To understa...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:91043eef7e30420dbe014f4a1095a4e7 2023-05-15T13:33:25+02:00 Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream Markus Dieser Heidi J. Smith Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Christine M. Foreman 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100454 https://doaj.org/article/91043eef7e30420dbe014f4a1095a4e7 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/10/454 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms7100454 https://doaj.org/article/91043eef7e30420dbe014f4a1095a4e7 Microorganisms, Vol 7, Iss 10, p 454 (2019) janthinobacterium comparative genomics horizontal gene transfer cold adaptation environmental sensing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100454 2022-12-31T00:59:38Z As many bacteria detected in Antarctic environments are neither true psychrophiles nor endemic species, their proliferation in spite of environmental extremes gives rise to genome adaptations. Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 is a bacterial isolate from the Cotton Glacier stream, Antarctica. To understand how Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 has adapted to its environment, we investigated its genomic traits in comparison to genomes of 35 published Janthinobacterium species. While we hypothesized that genome shrinkage and specialization to narrow ecological niches would be energetically favorable for dwelling in an ephemeral Antarctic stream, the genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 was on average 1.7 ± 0.6 Mb larger and predicted 1411 ± 499 more coding sequences compared to the other Janthinobacterium spp. Putatively identified horizontal gene transfer events contributed 0.92 Mb to the genome size expansion of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2. Genes with high copy numbers in the species-specific accessory genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 were associated with environmental sensing, locomotion, response and transcriptional regulation, stress response, and mobile elements—functional categories which also showed molecular adaptation to cold. Our data suggest that genome plasticity and the abundant complementary genes for sensing and responding to the extracellular environment supported the adaptation of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 to this extreme environment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Cotton Glacier ENVELOPE(161.667,161.667,-77.117,-77.117) Microorganisms 7 10 454 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
janthinobacterium comparative genomics horizontal gene transfer cold adaptation environmental sensing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
janthinobacterium comparative genomics horizontal gene transfer cold adaptation environmental sensing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Markus Dieser Heidi J. Smith Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Christine M. Foreman Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
topic_facet |
janthinobacterium comparative genomics horizontal gene transfer cold adaptation environmental sensing Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
As many bacteria detected in Antarctic environments are neither true psychrophiles nor endemic species, their proliferation in spite of environmental extremes gives rise to genome adaptations. Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 is a bacterial isolate from the Cotton Glacier stream, Antarctica. To understand how Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 has adapted to its environment, we investigated its genomic traits in comparison to genomes of 35 published Janthinobacterium species. While we hypothesized that genome shrinkage and specialization to narrow ecological niches would be energetically favorable for dwelling in an ephemeral Antarctic stream, the genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 was on average 1.7 ± 0.6 Mb larger and predicted 1411 ± 499 more coding sequences compared to the other Janthinobacterium spp. Putatively identified horizontal gene transfer events contributed 0.92 Mb to the genome size expansion of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2. Genes with high copy numbers in the species-specific accessory genome of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 were associated with environmental sensing, locomotion, response and transcriptional regulation, stress response, and mobile elements—functional categories which also showed molecular adaptation to cold. Our data suggest that genome plasticity and the abundant complementary genes for sensing and responding to the extracellular environment supported the adaptation of Janthinobacterium sp. CG23_2 to this extreme environment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Markus Dieser Heidi J. Smith Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Christine M. Foreman |
author_facet |
Markus Dieser Heidi J. Smith Thiruvarangan Ramaraj Christine M. Foreman |
author_sort |
Markus Dieser |
title |
Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
title_short |
Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
title_full |
Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
title_fullStr |
Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
title_full_unstemmed |
Janthinobacterium CG23_2: Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Enhanced Environmental Sensing and Transcriptional Regulation for Adaptation to Life in an Antarctic Supraglacial Stream |
title_sort |
janthinobacterium cg23_2: comparative genome analysis reveals enhanced environmental sensing and transcriptional regulation for adaptation to life in an antarctic supraglacial stream |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100454 https://doaj.org/article/91043eef7e30420dbe014f4a1095a4e7 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(161.667,161.667,-77.117,-77.117) |
geographic |
Antarctic Cotton Glacier |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Cotton Glacier |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Microorganisms, Vol 7, Iss 10, p 454 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/10/454 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607 2076-2607 doi:10.3390/microorganisms7100454 https://doaj.org/article/91043eef7e30420dbe014f4a1095a4e7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7100454 |
container_title |
Microorganisms |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
454 |
_version_ |
1766042208666910720 |