Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export
Sinking particles, once caught in sediment trap jars, release dissolved elements into the surrounding medium through leaching from their pore fluids, chemical dissolution and the activity of free exoenzymes. This results in an increase in dissolved elements in the trap jar supernatant. Elemental flu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:90b45001c5ba4f6aa662bf6351e66a93 2023-05-15T17:36:21+02:00 Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export A. N. Antia 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/90b45001c5ba4f6aa662bf6351e66a93 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/2/189/2005/bg-2-189-2005.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/90b45001c5ba4f6aa662bf6351e66a93 Biogeosciences, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 189-204 (2005) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2005 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-31T14:35:12Z Sinking particles, once caught in sediment trap jars, release dissolved elements into the surrounding medium through leaching from their pore fluids, chemical dissolution and the activity of free exoenzymes. This results in an increase in dissolved elements in the trap jar supernatant. Elemental fluxes as traditionally measured by sediment traps underestimate total export when this particle-associated dissolved flux is not considered. The errors introduced are variable and alter both the absolute levels of flux as well as the stoichiometry of export. These errors have been quantified and corrections applied for samples from sediment traps in the North Atlantic based on measurements of excess dissolved carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, silica and calcium in the supernatant of the collection cups. At the base of the winter mixed layer, on average 90±6% of phosphorus fluxes are found as excess phosphate whereas for carbon and nitrogen dissolved concentrations account for 30 (±8)% and 47(±11)% of total fluxes respectively. Excess dissolved silica is on average 61 (±17)% of total biogenic silica flux. Little (<10%) of calcium is solubilized. The proportion of dissolved to total flux decreases with trap deployment depth. Calculations of the C:N:P ratios for particles only are well above the Redfield ratios of 106:16:1 (Redfield et al., 1963), although the mid-water dissolved N:P and N:Si values as well as the C:N:P ratios of remineralisation along isopycnals conform to the Redfield ratios at this site. Accounting for dissolved fluxes of all these elements brings the stoichiometry of export in agreement with the Redfield Ratio and with other geochemical estimates of winter mixed layer export. A factor of 3 to 4 higher ratios of organic: inorganic carbon export also implies that the net atmospheric CO 2 sequestration by the biological pump is about 50% higher at this site when the dissolved elemental fluxes are considered. Solubilization is thus a process that should be accounted for in protocols used to measure vertical ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
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Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 A. N. Antia Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Sinking particles, once caught in sediment trap jars, release dissolved elements into the surrounding medium through leaching from their pore fluids, chemical dissolution and the activity of free exoenzymes. This results in an increase in dissolved elements in the trap jar supernatant. Elemental fluxes as traditionally measured by sediment traps underestimate total export when this particle-associated dissolved flux is not considered. The errors introduced are variable and alter both the absolute levels of flux as well as the stoichiometry of export. These errors have been quantified and corrections applied for samples from sediment traps in the North Atlantic based on measurements of excess dissolved carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, silica and calcium in the supernatant of the collection cups. At the base of the winter mixed layer, on average 90±6% of phosphorus fluxes are found as excess phosphate whereas for carbon and nitrogen dissolved concentrations account for 30 (±8)% and 47(±11)% of total fluxes respectively. Excess dissolved silica is on average 61 (±17)% of total biogenic silica flux. Little (<10%) of calcium is solubilized. The proportion of dissolved to total flux decreases with trap deployment depth. Calculations of the C:N:P ratios for particles only are well above the Redfield ratios of 106:16:1 (Redfield et al., 1963), although the mid-water dissolved N:P and N:Si values as well as the C:N:P ratios of remineralisation along isopycnals conform to the Redfield ratios at this site. Accounting for dissolved fluxes of all these elements brings the stoichiometry of export in agreement with the Redfield Ratio and with other geochemical estimates of winter mixed layer export. A factor of 3 to 4 higher ratios of organic: inorganic carbon export also implies that the net atmospheric CO 2 sequestration by the biological pump is about 50% higher at this site when the dissolved elemental fluxes are considered. Solubilization is thus a process that should be accounted for in protocols used to measure vertical ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. N. Antia |
author_facet |
A. N. Antia |
author_sort |
A. N. Antia |
title |
Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
title_short |
Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
title_full |
Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
title_fullStr |
Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
title_full_unstemmed |
Solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
title_sort |
solubilization of particles in sediment traps: revising the stoichiometry of mixed layer export |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/90b45001c5ba4f6aa662bf6351e66a93 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 189-204 (2005) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/2/189/2005/bg-2-189-2005.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/90b45001c5ba4f6aa662bf6351e66a93 |
_version_ |
1766135813931794432 |