Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle
Stable isotope ratio analysis offers a unique opportunity to obtain information on ecosystem processes. The increase in atmospheric CO2 as a consequence of fossil fuel combustion and land-use change is altering the stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of the atmosphere and ocean. This work inves...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8f31048de30e4e8b9caa20cbe8d723cd 2023-05-15T17:32:38+02:00 Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle Mario Esposito Eric P. Achterberg Lennart T. Bach Douglas P. Connelly Ulf Riebesell Jan Taucher 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 https://doaj.org/article/8f31048de30e4e8b9caa20cbe8d723cd EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 https://doaj.org/article/8f31048de30e4e8b9caa20cbe8d723cd Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 6 (2019) ocean acidification mesocosm experiment stable carbon isotopes marine biogeochemistry carbon cycle Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 2022-12-31T14:34:54Z Stable isotope ratio analysis offers a unique opportunity to obtain information on ecosystem processes. The increase in atmospheric CO2 as a consequence of fossil fuel combustion and land-use change is altering the stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of the atmosphere and ocean. This work investigates the application of using δ13C measurements of seawater samples to explore the biogeochemical responses of marine ecosystems to anthropogenic CO2 perturbations. The combination of isotopic and non-isotopic measurements from a subtropical North-Atlantic mesocosm experiment provided a holistic view of the biogeochemical mechanisms that affect carbon dynamics under a gradient of pCO2 ranging from ~350 up to ~1,000 μatm during a phytoplankton succession. A clear CO2 response was detected in the isotopic datasets with 13C shifts of up to ~5%0, but increased CO2 levels only had a subtle effect on the concentrations of the dissolved and particulate organic carbon pools. Distinctive δ13C signatures of the particulate organic carbon pools in the water column and sediment traps were detectable for the different CO2 treatments after a nutrient stimulated phytoplankton bloom. These signatures were strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with the δ13C signatures of the inorganic carbon but not with the δ13C of the dissolved organic carbon pools (p > 0.05). Fractionation of carbon isotopes in phytoplankton was positively affected (9.6 < ε < 16.5%0) by high CO2 levels either because of the higher CO2 availability or because of a shift in phytoplankton community composition. Nevertheless, phytoplankton bloom intensity and development was independent of CO2 concentrations, and higher CO2 levels had no significant effect on inorganic nutrient uptake. Results from this mesocosm experiment showed that variations in the carbon isotopic signature of the carbon pools depend on both physical (air-sea exchange) and biological (community composition) drivers opening the door to new approaches for investigations of carbon cycling in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Marine Science 6 |
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language |
English |
topic |
ocean acidification mesocosm experiment stable carbon isotopes marine biogeochemistry carbon cycle Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
ocean acidification mesocosm experiment stable carbon isotopes marine biogeochemistry carbon cycle Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Mario Esposito Eric P. Achterberg Lennart T. Bach Douglas P. Connelly Ulf Riebesell Jan Taucher Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
topic_facet |
ocean acidification mesocosm experiment stable carbon isotopes marine biogeochemistry carbon cycle Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Stable isotope ratio analysis offers a unique opportunity to obtain information on ecosystem processes. The increase in atmospheric CO2 as a consequence of fossil fuel combustion and land-use change is altering the stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of the atmosphere and ocean. This work investigates the application of using δ13C measurements of seawater samples to explore the biogeochemical responses of marine ecosystems to anthropogenic CO2 perturbations. The combination of isotopic and non-isotopic measurements from a subtropical North-Atlantic mesocosm experiment provided a holistic view of the biogeochemical mechanisms that affect carbon dynamics under a gradient of pCO2 ranging from ~350 up to ~1,000 μatm during a phytoplankton succession. A clear CO2 response was detected in the isotopic datasets with 13C shifts of up to ~5%0, but increased CO2 levels only had a subtle effect on the concentrations of the dissolved and particulate organic carbon pools. Distinctive δ13C signatures of the particulate organic carbon pools in the water column and sediment traps were detectable for the different CO2 treatments after a nutrient stimulated phytoplankton bloom. These signatures were strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with the δ13C signatures of the inorganic carbon but not with the δ13C of the dissolved organic carbon pools (p > 0.05). Fractionation of carbon isotopes in phytoplankton was positively affected (9.6 < ε < 16.5%0) by high CO2 levels either because of the higher CO2 availability or because of a shift in phytoplankton community composition. Nevertheless, phytoplankton bloom intensity and development was independent of CO2 concentrations, and higher CO2 levels had no significant effect on inorganic nutrient uptake. Results from this mesocosm experiment showed that variations in the carbon isotopic signature of the carbon pools depend on both physical (air-sea exchange) and biological (community composition) drivers opening the door to new approaches for investigations of carbon cycling in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mario Esposito Eric P. Achterberg Lennart T. Bach Douglas P. Connelly Ulf Riebesell Jan Taucher |
author_facet |
Mario Esposito Eric P. Achterberg Lennart T. Bach Douglas P. Connelly Ulf Riebesell Jan Taucher |
author_sort |
Mario Esposito |
title |
Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
title_short |
Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
title_full |
Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
title_fullStr |
Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in a Subtropical North Atlantic MesocosmStudy: A New Approach to Assess CO2 Effects on the Marine Carbon Cycle |
title_sort |
application of stable carbon isotopes in a subtropical north atlantic mesocosmstudy: a new approach to assess co2 effects on the marine carbon cycle |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 https://doaj.org/article/8f31048de30e4e8b9caa20cbe8d723cd |
genre |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 6 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 https://doaj.org/article/8f31048de30e4e8b9caa20cbe8d723cd |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00616 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766130845074063360 |