Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model.
Based on epidemiological data, it is believed that human-to-human transmission plays an important role in Nipah virus outbreaks. No experimental data are currently available on the potential routes of human-to-human transmission of Nipah virus. In a first dose-finding experiment in Syrian hamsters,...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8f0c269d14554626a039ab01648fd4a5 2023-05-15T15:10:09+02:00 Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. Emmie de Wit Trenton Bushmaker Dana Scott Heinz Feldmann Vincent J Munster 2011-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 https://doaj.org/article/8f0c269d14554626a039ab01648fd4a5 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3236726?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 https://doaj.org/article/8f0c269d14554626a039ab01648fd4a5 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e1432 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 2022-12-31T14:40:46Z Based on epidemiological data, it is believed that human-to-human transmission plays an important role in Nipah virus outbreaks. No experimental data are currently available on the potential routes of human-to-human transmission of Nipah virus. In a first dose-finding experiment in Syrian hamsters, it was shown that Nipah virus was predominantly shed via the respiratory tract within nasal and oropharyngeal secretions. Although Nipah viral RNA was detected in urogenital and rectal swabs, no infectious virus was recovered from these samples, suggesting no viable virus was shed via these routes. In addition, hamsters inoculated with high doses shed significantly higher amounts of viable Nipah virus particles in comparison with hamsters infected with lower inoculum doses. Using the highest inoculum dose, three potential routes of Nipah virus transmission were investigated in the hamster model: transmission via fomites, transmission via direct contact and transmission via aerosols. It was demonstrated that Nipah virus is transmitted efficiently via direct contact and inefficiently via fomites, but not via aerosols. These findings are in line with epidemiological data which suggest that direct contact with nasal and oropharyngeal secretions of Nipah virus infected individuals resulted in greater risk of Nipah virus infection. The data provide new and much-needed insights into the modes and efficiency of Nipah virus transmission and have important public health implications with regards to the risk assessment and management of future Nipah virus outbreaks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5 12 e1432 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Emmie de Wit Trenton Bushmaker Dana Scott Heinz Feldmann Vincent J Munster Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Based on epidemiological data, it is believed that human-to-human transmission plays an important role in Nipah virus outbreaks. No experimental data are currently available on the potential routes of human-to-human transmission of Nipah virus. In a first dose-finding experiment in Syrian hamsters, it was shown that Nipah virus was predominantly shed via the respiratory tract within nasal and oropharyngeal secretions. Although Nipah viral RNA was detected in urogenital and rectal swabs, no infectious virus was recovered from these samples, suggesting no viable virus was shed via these routes. In addition, hamsters inoculated with high doses shed significantly higher amounts of viable Nipah virus particles in comparison with hamsters infected with lower inoculum doses. Using the highest inoculum dose, three potential routes of Nipah virus transmission were investigated in the hamster model: transmission via fomites, transmission via direct contact and transmission via aerosols. It was demonstrated that Nipah virus is transmitted efficiently via direct contact and inefficiently via fomites, but not via aerosols. These findings are in line with epidemiological data which suggest that direct contact with nasal and oropharyngeal secretions of Nipah virus infected individuals resulted in greater risk of Nipah virus infection. The data provide new and much-needed insights into the modes and efficiency of Nipah virus transmission and have important public health implications with regards to the risk assessment and management of future Nipah virus outbreaks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Emmie de Wit Trenton Bushmaker Dana Scott Heinz Feldmann Vincent J Munster |
author_facet |
Emmie de Wit Trenton Bushmaker Dana Scott Heinz Feldmann Vincent J Munster |
author_sort |
Emmie de Wit |
title |
Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
title_short |
Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
title_full |
Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
title_fullStr |
Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
title_sort |
nipah virus transmission in a hamster model. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 https://doaj.org/article/8f0c269d14554626a039ab01648fd4a5 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e1432 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3236726?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 https://doaj.org/article/8f0c269d14554626a039ab01648fd4a5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001432 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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5 |
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12 |
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e1432 |
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1766341205148303360 |