Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya.
Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease globally, with particularly high burdens in pastoral settings. While the zoonotic transmission routes for Brucella spp. are well known, the relative importance of animal contact, food-handling and consumption practices can vary. Understanding the local ep...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8f076aad01ff471ea0017025522d67cb 2023-05-15T15:15:29+02:00 Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. Stella G Kiambi Eric M Fèvre Jared Omolo Joseph Oundo William A de Glanville 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/article/8f076aad01ff471ea0017025522d67cb EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/article/8f076aad01ff471ea0017025522d67cb PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 4, p e0008108 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 2022-12-31T07:46:37Z Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease globally, with particularly high burdens in pastoral settings. While the zoonotic transmission routes for Brucella spp. are well known, the relative importance of animal contact, food-handling and consumption practices can vary. Understanding the local epidemiology of human brucellosis is important for directing veterinary and public health interventions, as well as for informing clinical diagnostic decision making. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Ijara District Hospital, north-eastern Kenya. A total of 386 individuals seeking care and reporting symptoms of febrile illness were recruited in 2011. Samples were tested for the presence of Brucella spp. using a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and results compared to those from the test for brucellosis used at Ijara District Hospital, the febrile Brucella plate agglutination test (FBAT). A questionnaire was administered to all participants and risk factors for brucellosis identified using logistic regression with an information theoretic (IT) approach and least absolute shrinkage and selection (LASSO). Sixty individuals were RT-PCR positive, resulting in a prevalence of probable brucellosis of 15.4% (95% CI 12.0-19.5). The IT and LASSO approaches both identified consuming purchased milk as strongly associated with elevated risk and boiling milk before consumption strongly associated with reduced risk. There was no evidence that livestock keepers were at different risk of brucellosis than non-livestock keepers. The FBAT had poor diagnostic performance when compared to RT-PCR, with an estimated sensitivity of 36.6% (95% CI 24.6-50.1) and specificity of 69.3% (95% CI 64.0-74.3). Brucellosis is an important cause of febrile illness in north-eastern Kenya. Promotion of pasteurisation of milk in the marketing chain and health messages encouraging the boiling of raw milk before consumption could be expected to lead to large reductions in the incidence of brucellosis in Ijara. This study supports the growing evidence that the FBAT ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 4 e0008108 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Stella G Kiambi Eric M Fèvre Jared Omolo Joseph Oundo William A de Glanville Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease globally, with particularly high burdens in pastoral settings. While the zoonotic transmission routes for Brucella spp. are well known, the relative importance of animal contact, food-handling and consumption practices can vary. Understanding the local epidemiology of human brucellosis is important for directing veterinary and public health interventions, as well as for informing clinical diagnostic decision making. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Ijara District Hospital, north-eastern Kenya. A total of 386 individuals seeking care and reporting symptoms of febrile illness were recruited in 2011. Samples were tested for the presence of Brucella spp. using a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and results compared to those from the test for brucellosis used at Ijara District Hospital, the febrile Brucella plate agglutination test (FBAT). A questionnaire was administered to all participants and risk factors for brucellosis identified using logistic regression with an information theoretic (IT) approach and least absolute shrinkage and selection (LASSO). Sixty individuals were RT-PCR positive, resulting in a prevalence of probable brucellosis of 15.4% (95% CI 12.0-19.5). The IT and LASSO approaches both identified consuming purchased milk as strongly associated with elevated risk and boiling milk before consumption strongly associated with reduced risk. There was no evidence that livestock keepers were at different risk of brucellosis than non-livestock keepers. The FBAT had poor diagnostic performance when compared to RT-PCR, with an estimated sensitivity of 36.6% (95% CI 24.6-50.1) and specificity of 69.3% (95% CI 64.0-74.3). Brucellosis is an important cause of febrile illness in north-eastern Kenya. Promotion of pasteurisation of milk in the marketing chain and health messages encouraging the boiling of raw milk before consumption could be expected to lead to large reductions in the incidence of brucellosis in Ijara. This study supports the growing evidence that the FBAT ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stella G Kiambi Eric M Fèvre Jared Omolo Joseph Oundo William A de Glanville |
author_facet |
Stella G Kiambi Eric M Fèvre Jared Omolo Joseph Oundo William A de Glanville |
author_sort |
Stella G Kiambi |
title |
Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
title_short |
Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
title_full |
Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
title_fullStr |
Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Risk factors for acute human brucellosis in Ijara, north-eastern Kenya. |
title_sort |
risk factors for acute human brucellosis in ijara, north-eastern kenya. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/article/8f076aad01ff471ea0017025522d67cb |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 4, p e0008108 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 https://doaj.org/article/8f076aad01ff471ea0017025522d67cb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008108 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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14 |
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4 |
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e0008108 |
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