Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission.
BACKGROUND:In many infectious diseases, a core group of individuals plays a disproportionate role in transmission. If these individuals were effectively prevented from transmitting infection, for example with a perfect vaccine, then the disease would disappear in the remainder of the community. No v...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8ee9ab5a3edc4f83844d59a26729d6d3 2023-05-15T15:05:13+02:00 Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. Thomas M Lietman Michael S Deiner Catherine E Oldenburg Scott D Nash Jeremy D Keenan Travis C Porco 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 https://doaj.org/article/8ee9ab5a3edc4f83844d59a26729d6d3 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6175502?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 https://doaj.org/article/8ee9ab5a3edc4f83844d59a26729d6d3 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 10, p e0006478 (2018) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 2022-12-31T05:51:30Z BACKGROUND:In many infectious diseases, a core group of individuals plays a disproportionate role in transmission. If these individuals were effectively prevented from transmitting infection, for example with a perfect vaccine, then the disease would disappear in the remainder of the community. No vaccine has yet proven effective against the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. However, repeated treatment with oral azithromycin may be able to prevent individuals from effectively transmitting trachoma. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Here we assess several methods for identifying a core group for trachoma, assuming varying degrees of knowledge about the transmission process. We determine the minimal core group from a completely specified model, fitted to results from a large Ethiopian trial. We compare this benchmark to a core group that could actually be identified from information available to trachoma programs. For example, determined from the rate of return of infection in a community after mass treatments, or from the equilibrium prevalence of infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Sufficient groups are relatively easy for programs to identify, but will likely be larger than the theoretical minimum. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12 10 e0006478 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Thomas M Lietman Michael S Deiner Catherine E Oldenburg Scott D Nash Jeremy D Keenan Travis C Porco Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:In many infectious diseases, a core group of individuals plays a disproportionate role in transmission. If these individuals were effectively prevented from transmitting infection, for example with a perfect vaccine, then the disease would disappear in the remainder of the community. No vaccine has yet proven effective against the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. However, repeated treatment with oral azithromycin may be able to prevent individuals from effectively transmitting trachoma. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Here we assess several methods for identifying a core group for trachoma, assuming varying degrees of knowledge about the transmission process. We determine the minimal core group from a completely specified model, fitted to results from a large Ethiopian trial. We compare this benchmark to a core group that could actually be identified from information available to trachoma programs. For example, determined from the rate of return of infection in a community after mass treatments, or from the equilibrium prevalence of infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Sufficient groups are relatively easy for programs to identify, but will likely be larger than the theoretical minimum. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thomas M Lietman Michael S Deiner Catherine E Oldenburg Scott D Nash Jeremy D Keenan Travis C Porco |
author_facet |
Thomas M Lietman Michael S Deiner Catherine E Oldenburg Scott D Nash Jeremy D Keenan Travis C Porco |
author_sort |
Thomas M Lietman |
title |
Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
title_short |
Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
title_full |
Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
title_fullStr |
Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
title_sort |
identifying a sufficient core group for trachoma transmission. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 https://doaj.org/article/8ee9ab5a3edc4f83844d59a26729d6d3 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 10, p e0006478 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6175502?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 https://doaj.org/article/8ee9ab5a3edc4f83844d59a26729d6d3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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12 |
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10 |
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e0006478 |
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