Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a naturally occurring bacterium in estuarine waters and is a major cause of seafood-borne illness. The bacterium has been consistently identified in Pacific Northwest waters and elevated illness rates of vibriosis in Washington State have raised concerns among growers, ris...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8db237af5499446dabeee590259c35c1 2023-05-15T15:58:25+02:00 Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters Aspen Flynn Benjamin J. K. Davis Erika Atherly Gina Olson John C. Bowers Angelo DePaola Frank C. Curriero 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 https://doaj.org/article/8db237af5499446dabeee590259c35c1 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 https://doaj.org/article/8db237af5499446dabeee590259c35c1 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 10 (2019) Vibrio parahaemolyticus Crassostrea gigas Pacific oysters Washington temperature genetic markers Microbiology QR1-502 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 2022-12-31T15:05:56Z Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a naturally occurring bacterium in estuarine waters and is a major cause of seafood-borne illness. The bacterium has been consistently identified in Pacific Northwest waters and elevated illness rates of vibriosis in Washington State have raised concerns among growers, risk managers, and consumers of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). In order to better understand pre-harvest variation of V. parahaemolyticus in the region, abundance of total and potentially pathogenic strains of the bacterium in a large number of Washington State Pacific oyster samples were compared with environmental conditions at the time of sampling. The Washington Department of Health regularly sampled oysters between June and September at over 21 locations from 2014 to 2018, resulting in over 946 samples. V. parahaemolyticus strains carrying three genetic markers, tlh, trh, and tdh, were enumerated in oyster tissue using a most probable number-PCR analysis. Tobit regressions and seemingly unrelated estimations were used to formally assess relationships between environmental measures and genetic markers. All genetic markers were found to be positively associated with temperature, independent of the abundance of other genetic markers. Surface water temperature displayed a non-linear relationship, with no association observed between any genetic marker in the warmest waters. There were also stark differences between surface and shore water temperature models. Salinity was not found to be substantially associated with any of the genetic variables. The relative abundance of tdh+ strains given total V. parahaemolyticus abundance (pathogenic ratio tdh:tlh) was negatively associated with water temperature in colder waters and decreased exponentially as total V. parahaemolyticus abundance increased. Strains carrying the trh gene had a pronounced positive association with strains carrying the tdh gene but was also negatively associated with the tdh:tlh pathogenic ratio. These results suggest that there are ecological ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Microbiology 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Crassostrea gigas Pacific oysters Washington temperature genetic markers Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Crassostrea gigas Pacific oysters Washington temperature genetic markers Microbiology QR1-502 Aspen Flynn Benjamin J. K. Davis Erika Atherly Gina Olson John C. Bowers Angelo DePaola Frank C. Curriero Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
topic_facet |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Crassostrea gigas Pacific oysters Washington temperature genetic markers Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a naturally occurring bacterium in estuarine waters and is a major cause of seafood-borne illness. The bacterium has been consistently identified in Pacific Northwest waters and elevated illness rates of vibriosis in Washington State have raised concerns among growers, risk managers, and consumers of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). In order to better understand pre-harvest variation of V. parahaemolyticus in the region, abundance of total and potentially pathogenic strains of the bacterium in a large number of Washington State Pacific oyster samples were compared with environmental conditions at the time of sampling. The Washington Department of Health regularly sampled oysters between June and September at over 21 locations from 2014 to 2018, resulting in over 946 samples. V. parahaemolyticus strains carrying three genetic markers, tlh, trh, and tdh, were enumerated in oyster tissue using a most probable number-PCR analysis. Tobit regressions and seemingly unrelated estimations were used to formally assess relationships between environmental measures and genetic markers. All genetic markers were found to be positively associated with temperature, independent of the abundance of other genetic markers. Surface water temperature displayed a non-linear relationship, with no association observed between any genetic marker in the warmest waters. There were also stark differences between surface and shore water temperature models. Salinity was not found to be substantially associated with any of the genetic variables. The relative abundance of tdh+ strains given total V. parahaemolyticus abundance (pathogenic ratio tdh:tlh) was negatively associated with water temperature in colder waters and decreased exponentially as total V. parahaemolyticus abundance increased. Strains carrying the trh gene had a pronounced positive association with strains carrying the tdh gene but was also negatively associated with the tdh:tlh pathogenic ratio. These results suggest that there are ecological ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aspen Flynn Benjamin J. K. Davis Erika Atherly Gina Olson John C. Bowers Angelo DePaola Frank C. Curriero |
author_facet |
Aspen Flynn Benjamin J. K. Davis Erika Atherly Gina Olson John C. Bowers Angelo DePaola Frank C. Curriero |
author_sort |
Aspen Flynn |
title |
Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
title_short |
Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
title_full |
Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
title_fullStr |
Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Associations of Environmental Conditions and Vibrio parahaemolyticus Genetic Markers in Washington State Pacific Oysters |
title_sort |
associations of environmental conditions and vibrio parahaemolyticus genetic markers in washington state pacific oysters |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 https://doaj.org/article/8db237af5499446dabeee590259c35c1 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 10 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 https://doaj.org/article/8db237af5499446dabeee590259c35c1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02797 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
10 |
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1766394163153076224 |