Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves
VLF remote sensing is used to detect lower-ionospheric electron density changes associated with a certain type of transient luminous events known as elves. Both ground- and satellite-based observations of elves are analysed in relation to VLF data acquired at various receiver sites in Europe, the Un...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8d949bceb3b54367bd8957d46adea237 2023-05-15T13:47:51+02:00 Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves Á. Mika C. Haldoupis T. Neubert H. T. Su R. R. Hsu R. J. Steiner R. A. Marshall 2006-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 https://doaj.org/article/8d949bceb3b54367bd8957d46adea237 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.ann-geophys.net/24/2179/2006/angeo-24-2179-2006.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0992-7689 https://doaj.org/toc/1432-0576 doi:10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 0992-7689 1432-0576 https://doaj.org/article/8d949bceb3b54367bd8957d46adea237 Annales Geophysicae, Vol 24, Pp 2179-2189 (2006) Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 article 2006 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 2022-12-31T05:29:58Z VLF remote sensing is used to detect lower-ionospheric electron density changes associated with a certain type of transient luminous events known as elves. Both ground- and satellite-based observations of elves are analysed in relation to VLF data acquired at various receiver sites in Europe, the United States and Antarctica. Ground-based observations were performed during the EuroSprite2003 campaign, when five elves were captured by low-light cameras located in the Pyrenees. Analysis of VLF recordings from Crete shows early VLF perturbations accompanying all of the elves. A large dataset consisting of elves captured by the ISUAL (Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning) payload on Taiwan's FORMOSAT-2 satellite over Europe and North America has also been analysed. Early/fast VLF perturbations were found to accompany some of the elves observed over Europe. However, no VLF perturbations were detected in relation to the elves observed by ISUAL over North America. The present analysis – based on the largest database of optical elve observations used for VLF studies so far – constitutes evidence of processes initiated by the lightning EMP (electromagnetic pulse) causing electron density changes in the lower ionosphere in line with theoretical predictions. It also proves that sub-ionospheric electron density changes associated with elves can intrude to lower heights and thus perturb VLF transmissions. The possibility of VLF detection, however, depends on several factors, e.g., the distance of the elve from the receiver and the transmitter–receiver great circle path (GCP), the altitude of the ionised region and the characteristics of the VLF transmitter, as well as the EMP energy, which occasionally may be sufficient to cause optical emissions but not ionisation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Annales Geophysicae 24 8 2179 2189 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
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Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Á. Mika C. Haldoupis T. Neubert H. T. Su R. R. Hsu R. J. Steiner R. A. Marshall Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
topic_facet |
Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
description |
VLF remote sensing is used to detect lower-ionospheric electron density changes associated with a certain type of transient luminous events known as elves. Both ground- and satellite-based observations of elves are analysed in relation to VLF data acquired at various receiver sites in Europe, the United States and Antarctica. Ground-based observations were performed during the EuroSprite2003 campaign, when five elves were captured by low-light cameras located in the Pyrenees. Analysis of VLF recordings from Crete shows early VLF perturbations accompanying all of the elves. A large dataset consisting of elves captured by the ISUAL (Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning) payload on Taiwan's FORMOSAT-2 satellite over Europe and North America has also been analysed. Early/fast VLF perturbations were found to accompany some of the elves observed over Europe. However, no VLF perturbations were detected in relation to the elves observed by ISUAL over North America. The present analysis – based on the largest database of optical elve observations used for VLF studies so far – constitutes evidence of processes initiated by the lightning EMP (electromagnetic pulse) causing electron density changes in the lower ionosphere in line with theoretical predictions. It also proves that sub-ionospheric electron density changes associated with elves can intrude to lower heights and thus perturb VLF transmissions. The possibility of VLF detection, however, depends on several factors, e.g., the distance of the elve from the receiver and the transmitter–receiver great circle path (GCP), the altitude of the ionised region and the characteristics of the VLF transmitter, as well as the EMP energy, which occasionally may be sufficient to cause optical emissions but not ionisation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Á. Mika C. Haldoupis T. Neubert H. T. Su R. R. Hsu R. J. Steiner R. A. Marshall |
author_facet |
Á. Mika C. Haldoupis T. Neubert H. T. Su R. R. Hsu R. J. Steiner R. A. Marshall |
author_sort |
Á. Mika |
title |
Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
title_short |
Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
title_full |
Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
title_fullStr |
Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves |
title_sort |
early vlf perturbations observed in association with elves |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 https://doaj.org/article/8d949bceb3b54367bd8957d46adea237 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Annales Geophysicae, Vol 24, Pp 2179-2189 (2006) |
op_relation |
https://www.ann-geophys.net/24/2179/2006/angeo-24-2179-2006.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0992-7689 https://doaj.org/toc/1432-0576 doi:10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 0992-7689 1432-0576 https://doaj.org/article/8d949bceb3b54367bd8957d46adea237 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2179-2006 |
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Annales Geophysicae |
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24 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
2179 |
op_container_end_page |
2189 |
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