Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador
Objective. Colistin is an antibiotic of last resort for treating serious Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the misuse of colistin, especially as an animal growth promoter, has contributed to increasing antimicrobial resistance, mediated mainly through plasmid transfer of the mcr-1 gene. T...
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Pan American Health Organization
2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 https://doaj.org/article/8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e 2023-06-06T11:51:36+02:00 Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Salomé Guerrero-Freire Nimer Ortuño-Gutiérrez Temmy Sunyoto Cícero Armídio Gomes-Dias Maria Soledad Ramírez William Calero-Cáceres Anthony D. Harries Joaquín Rey Jacobus H. de Waard Manuel Calvopiña 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 https://doaj.org/article/8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e EN ES PT eng spa por Pan American Health Organization https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/57328 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 doi:10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 https://doaj.org/article/8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 47, Iss 48, Pp 1-8 (2023) colistin escherichia coli klebsiella pneumoniae humans animals drug resistance genes mdr operational research ecuador Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 2023-04-16T00:30:47Z Objective. Colistin is an antibiotic of last resort for treating serious Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the misuse of colistin, especially as an animal growth promoter, has contributed to increasing antimicrobial resistance, mediated mainly through plasmid transfer of the mcr-1 gene. This study assessed the prevalence of phenotypic and molecular colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ecuador in healthy humans and their chickens and pigs. Methods. Fecal samples were collected from humans and their chickens and pigs in two rural coastal and Amazon regions between April and August 2020. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated and identified using conventional techniques. Phenotypic resistance was determined using the broth microdilution technique, and the mcr-1 gene was detected using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results. A total of 438 fecal samples were obtained from 137 humans, 147 pigs and 154 chickens. The prevalence of E. coli isolates was 86.3% (378/438) and K. pneumoniae, 37.4% (164/438). Overall, the mcr-1 gene was found in 90% (340/378) of E. coli isolates, with higher prevalences found in isolates from coastal regions (96.5%, 191/198), humans (95.6%, 111/116) and chickens (91.8%, 123/134); for K. pneumoniae, the gene was found in 19.5% (32/164) of isolates, with equal distribution between regions and hosts. Only four isolates, two E. coli and two K. pneumoniae, showed phenotypic resistance: mcr-1 was present in both E. coli strains but absent in the K. pneumoniae strains. Conclusions. Despite a low prevalence of phenotypic resistance to colistin, the high prevalence of the mcr-1 gene in E. coli is of concern. Ecuador’s ban on using colistin in animal husbandry must be enforced, and continual monitoring of the situation should be implemented. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 47 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English Spanish Portuguese |
topic |
colistin escherichia coli klebsiella pneumoniae humans animals drug resistance genes mdr operational research ecuador Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
colistin escherichia coli klebsiella pneumoniae humans animals drug resistance genes mdr operational research ecuador Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Salomé Guerrero-Freire Nimer Ortuño-Gutiérrez Temmy Sunyoto Cícero Armídio Gomes-Dias Maria Soledad Ramírez William Calero-Cáceres Anthony D. Harries Joaquín Rey Jacobus H. de Waard Manuel Calvopiña Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
topic_facet |
colistin escherichia coli klebsiella pneumoniae humans animals drug resistance genes mdr operational research ecuador Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Objective. Colistin is an antibiotic of last resort for treating serious Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the misuse of colistin, especially as an animal growth promoter, has contributed to increasing antimicrobial resistance, mediated mainly through plasmid transfer of the mcr-1 gene. This study assessed the prevalence of phenotypic and molecular colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ecuador in healthy humans and their chickens and pigs. Methods. Fecal samples were collected from humans and their chickens and pigs in two rural coastal and Amazon regions between April and August 2020. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated and identified using conventional techniques. Phenotypic resistance was determined using the broth microdilution technique, and the mcr-1 gene was detected using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results. A total of 438 fecal samples were obtained from 137 humans, 147 pigs and 154 chickens. The prevalence of E. coli isolates was 86.3% (378/438) and K. pneumoniae, 37.4% (164/438). Overall, the mcr-1 gene was found in 90% (340/378) of E. coli isolates, with higher prevalences found in isolates from coastal regions (96.5%, 191/198), humans (95.6%, 111/116) and chickens (91.8%, 123/134); for K. pneumoniae, the gene was found in 19.5% (32/164) of isolates, with equal distribution between regions and hosts. Only four isolates, two E. coli and two K. pneumoniae, showed phenotypic resistance: mcr-1 was present in both E. coli strains but absent in the K. pneumoniae strains. Conclusions. Despite a low prevalence of phenotypic resistance to colistin, the high prevalence of the mcr-1 gene in E. coli is of concern. Ecuador’s ban on using colistin in animal husbandry must be enforced, and continual monitoring of the situation should be implemented. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Salomé Guerrero-Freire Nimer Ortuño-Gutiérrez Temmy Sunyoto Cícero Armídio Gomes-Dias Maria Soledad Ramírez William Calero-Cáceres Anthony D. Harries Joaquín Rey Jacobus H. de Waard Manuel Calvopiña |
author_facet |
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Salomé Guerrero-Freire Nimer Ortuño-Gutiérrez Temmy Sunyoto Cícero Armídio Gomes-Dias Maria Soledad Ramírez William Calero-Cáceres Anthony D. Harries Joaquín Rey Jacobus H. de Waard Manuel Calvopiña |
author_sort |
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes |
title |
Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
title_short |
Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
title_full |
Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
title_fullStr |
Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
title_full_unstemmed |
Colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in Ecuador |
title_sort |
colistin resistance in escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae in humans and backyard animals in ecuador |
publisher |
Pan American Health Organization |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 https://doaj.org/article/8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 47, Iss 48, Pp 1-8 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/57328 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 doi:10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 https://doaj.org/article/8d5db3468bff439f951cc2619a57071e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2023.48 |
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Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
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47 |
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