Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada
In light of the recent climate warming, monitoring of lake ice in Arctic and subarctic regions is becoming increasingly important. Many shallow Arctic lakes and ponds of thermokarst origin freeze to the bed in the winter months, maintaining the underlying permafrost in its frozen state. However, as...
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Copernicus Publications
2023
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8c9f04e8d903422ab01264af80fb0485 2023-06-11T04:09:27+02:00 Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada M. Shaposhnikova C. Duguay P. Roy-Léveillée 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 https://doaj.org/article/8c9f04e8d903422ab01264af80fb0485 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1697/2023/tc-17-1697-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/8c9f04e8d903422ab01264af80fb0485 The Cryosphere, Vol 17, Pp 1697-1721 (2023) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 2023-04-23T00:33:29Z In light of the recent climate warming, monitoring of lake ice in Arctic and subarctic regions is becoming increasingly important. Many shallow Arctic lakes and ponds of thermokarst origin freeze to the bed in the winter months, maintaining the underlying permafrost in its frozen state. However, as air temperatures rise and precipitation increases, fewer lakes are expected to develop bedfast ice. In this work, we propose a novel temporal deep-learning approach to lake ice regime mapping from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and employ it to study lake ice dynamics in the Old Crow Flats (OCF), Yukon, Canada, over the 1992/1993 to 2020/2021 period. We utilized a combination of Sentinel-1, ERS-1 and ERS-2, and RADARSAT-1 to create an extensive annotated dataset of SAR time series labeled as either bedfast ice, floating ice, or land, which was used to train a temporal convolutional neural network (TempCNN). The trained TempCNN, in turn, allowed us to automatically map lake ice regimes. The classified maps aligned well with the available field measurements and ice thickness simulations obtained with a thermodynamic lake ice model. Reaching a mean overall classification accuracy of 95 %, the TempCNN was determined to be suitable for automated lake ice regime classification. The fraction of bedfast ice in the OCF increased by 11 % over the 29-year period of analysis. Findings suggest that the OCF lake ice dynamics are dominated by lake drainage events, brought on by thermokarst processes accelerated by climate warming, and fluctuations in water level and winter snowfall. Catastrophic drainage and lowered water levels cause surface water area and lake depth to decrease and lake ice to often transition from floating to bedfast ice, while a reduction in snowfall allows for the growth of thicker ice. The proposed lake ice regime mapping approach allowed us to assess the combined impacts of warming, drainage, and changing precipitation patterns on transitions between bedfast and floating-ice regimes, which is crucial to ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice Old Crow permafrost Subarctic The Cryosphere Thermokarst Yukon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Canada Old Crow Flats ENVELOPE(-139.755,-139.755,68.083,68.083) Yukon The Cryosphere 17 4 1697 1721 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 M. Shaposhnikova C. Duguay P. Roy-Léveillée Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
In light of the recent climate warming, monitoring of lake ice in Arctic and subarctic regions is becoming increasingly important. Many shallow Arctic lakes and ponds of thermokarst origin freeze to the bed in the winter months, maintaining the underlying permafrost in its frozen state. However, as air temperatures rise and precipitation increases, fewer lakes are expected to develop bedfast ice. In this work, we propose a novel temporal deep-learning approach to lake ice regime mapping from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and employ it to study lake ice dynamics in the Old Crow Flats (OCF), Yukon, Canada, over the 1992/1993 to 2020/2021 period. We utilized a combination of Sentinel-1, ERS-1 and ERS-2, and RADARSAT-1 to create an extensive annotated dataset of SAR time series labeled as either bedfast ice, floating ice, or land, which was used to train a temporal convolutional neural network (TempCNN). The trained TempCNN, in turn, allowed us to automatically map lake ice regimes. The classified maps aligned well with the available field measurements and ice thickness simulations obtained with a thermodynamic lake ice model. Reaching a mean overall classification accuracy of 95 %, the TempCNN was determined to be suitable for automated lake ice regime classification. The fraction of bedfast ice in the OCF increased by 11 % over the 29-year period of analysis. Findings suggest that the OCF lake ice dynamics are dominated by lake drainage events, brought on by thermokarst processes accelerated by climate warming, and fluctuations in water level and winter snowfall. Catastrophic drainage and lowered water levels cause surface water area and lake depth to decrease and lake ice to often transition from floating to bedfast ice, while a reduction in snowfall allows for the growth of thicker ice. The proposed lake ice regime mapping approach allowed us to assess the combined impacts of warming, drainage, and changing precipitation patterns on transitions between bedfast and floating-ice regimes, which is crucial to ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Shaposhnikova C. Duguay P. Roy-Léveillée |
author_facet |
M. Shaposhnikova C. Duguay P. Roy-Léveillée |
author_sort |
M. Shaposhnikova |
title |
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
title_short |
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
title_full |
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
title_fullStr |
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada |
title_sort |
bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the old crow flats, yukon, canada |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 https://doaj.org/article/8c9f04e8d903422ab01264af80fb0485 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-139.755,-139.755,68.083,68.083) |
geographic |
Arctic Canada Old Crow Flats Yukon |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada Old Crow Flats Yukon |
genre |
Arctic Ice Old Crow permafrost Subarctic The Cryosphere Thermokarst Yukon |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice Old Crow permafrost Subarctic The Cryosphere Thermokarst Yukon |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 17, Pp 1697-1721 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/1697/2023/tc-17-1697-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/8c9f04e8d903422ab01264af80fb0485 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1697 |
op_container_end_page |
1721 |
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1768383328596000768 |