Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3

Mineral dust aerosol constitutes an important component of the Earth's climate system, not only on short timescales due to direct and indirect influences on the radiation budget but also on long timescales by acting as a fertilizer for the biosphere and thus affecting the global carbon cycle. F...

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Published in:Climate of the Past
Main Authors: S. Krätschmer, M. van der Does, F. Lamy, G. Lohmann, C. Völker, M. Werner
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
https://doaj.org/article/8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76 2023-05-15T14:04:29+02:00 Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 S. Krätschmer M. van der Does F. Lamy G. Lohmann C. Völker M. Werner 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-67-2022 https://doaj.org/article/8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/67/2022/cp-18-67-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-18-67-2022 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76 Climate of the Past, Vol 18, Pp 67-87 (2022) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-67-2022 2022-12-30T20:23:11Z Mineral dust aerosol constitutes an important component of the Earth's climate system, not only on short timescales due to direct and indirect influences on the radiation budget but also on long timescales by acting as a fertilizer for the biosphere and thus affecting the global carbon cycle. For a quantitative assessment of its impact on the global climate, state-of-the-art atmospheric and aerosol models can be utilized. In this study, we use the ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 model to perform global simulations of the mineral dust cycle for present-day (PD), pre-industrial (PI), and last glacial maximum (LGM) climate conditions. The intercomparison with marine sediment and ice core data, as well as other modeling studies, shows that the obtained annual dust emissions of 1221, 923, and 5159 Tg for PD, PI, and LGM, respectively, generally agree well with previous findings. Our analyses focusing on the Southern Hemisphere suggest that over 90 % of the mineral dust deposited over Antarctica are of Australian or South American origin during both PI and LGM. However, contrary to previous studies, we find that Australia contributes a higher proportion during the LGM, which is mainly caused by changes in the precipitation patterns. Obtained increased particle radii during the LGM can be traced back to increased sulfate condensation on the particle surfaces as a consequence of longer particle lifetimes. The meridional transport of mineral dust from its source regions to the South Pole takes place at different altitudes depending on the grain size of the dust particles. We find a trend of generally lower transport heights during the LGM compared to PI as a consequence of reduced convection due to colder surfaces, indicating a vertically less extensive Polar cell. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica ice core South pole South pole Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles South Pole Climate of the Past 18 1 67 87
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Environmental pollution
TD172-193.5
Environmental protection
TD169-171.8
Environmental sciences
GE1-350
spellingShingle Environmental pollution
TD172-193.5
Environmental protection
TD169-171.8
Environmental sciences
GE1-350
S. Krätschmer
M. van der Does
F. Lamy
G. Lohmann
C. Völker
M. Werner
Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
topic_facet Environmental pollution
TD172-193.5
Environmental protection
TD169-171.8
Environmental sciences
GE1-350
description Mineral dust aerosol constitutes an important component of the Earth's climate system, not only on short timescales due to direct and indirect influences on the radiation budget but also on long timescales by acting as a fertilizer for the biosphere and thus affecting the global carbon cycle. For a quantitative assessment of its impact on the global climate, state-of-the-art atmospheric and aerosol models can be utilized. In this study, we use the ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 model to perform global simulations of the mineral dust cycle for present-day (PD), pre-industrial (PI), and last glacial maximum (LGM) climate conditions. The intercomparison with marine sediment and ice core data, as well as other modeling studies, shows that the obtained annual dust emissions of 1221, 923, and 5159 Tg for PD, PI, and LGM, respectively, generally agree well with previous findings. Our analyses focusing on the Southern Hemisphere suggest that over 90 % of the mineral dust deposited over Antarctica are of Australian or South American origin during both PI and LGM. However, contrary to previous studies, we find that Australia contributes a higher proportion during the LGM, which is mainly caused by changes in the precipitation patterns. Obtained increased particle radii during the LGM can be traced back to increased sulfate condensation on the particle surfaces as a consequence of longer particle lifetimes. The meridional transport of mineral dust from its source regions to the South Pole takes place at different altitudes depending on the grain size of the dust particles. We find a trend of generally lower transport heights during the LGM compared to PI as a consequence of reduced convection due to colder surfaces, indicating a vertically less extensive Polar cell.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author S. Krätschmer
M. van der Does
F. Lamy
G. Lohmann
C. Völker
M. Werner
author_facet S. Krätschmer
M. van der Does
F. Lamy
G. Lohmann
C. Völker
M. Werner
author_sort S. Krätschmer
title Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
title_short Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
title_full Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
title_fullStr Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
title_full_unstemmed Simulating glacial dust changes in the Southern Hemisphere using ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3
title_sort simulating glacial dust changes in the southern hemisphere using echam6.3-ham2.3
publisher Copernicus Publications
publishDate 2022
url https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
https://doaj.org/article/8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76
geographic South Pole
geographic_facet South Pole
genre Antarc*
Antarctica
ice core
South pole
South pole
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctica
ice core
South pole
South pole
op_source Climate of the Past, Vol 18, Pp 67-87 (2022)
op_relation https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/67/2022/cp-18-67-2022.pdf
https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324
https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332
doi:10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
1814-9324
1814-9332
https://doaj.org/article/8c1c400edb4343889b53eaf5a40c0e76
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-67-2022
container_title Climate of the Past
container_volume 18
container_issue 1
container_start_page 67
op_container_end_page 87
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