Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems
Ecosystem-based management (EBM) in marine ecosystems considers impacts caused by complex interactions between environmental and anthropogenic pressures (i.e., oceanographic, climatic, socio-economic) and marine communities. EBM depends, in part, on ecological indicators that facilitate understandin...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 https://doaj.org/article/89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 2023-05-15T15:12:43+02:00 Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems Jamie C. Tam Jason S. Link Scott I. Large Kelly Andrews Kevin D. Friedland Jamison Gove Elliott Hazen Kirstin Holsman Mandy Karnauskas Jameal F. Samhouri Rebecca Shuford Nick Tomilieri Stephani Zador 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 https://doaj.org/article/89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 https://doaj.org/article/89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 4 (2017) ecosystem-based management gradient forest thresholds-based reference points ecological indicators anthropogenic and environmental pressures comparative analysis Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 2022-12-30T23:51:37Z Ecosystem-based management (EBM) in marine ecosystems considers impacts caused by complex interactions between environmental and anthropogenic pressures (i.e., oceanographic, climatic, socio-economic) and marine communities. EBM depends, in part, on ecological indicators that facilitate understanding of inherent properties and the dynamics of pressures within marine communities. Thresholds of ecological indicators delineate ecosystem status because they represent points at which a small increase in one or many pressure variables results in an abrupt change of ecosystem responses. The difficulty in developing appropriate thresholds and reference points for EBM lies in the multidimensionality of both the ecosystem responses and the pressures impacting the ecosystem. Here, we develop thresholds using gradient forest for a suite of ecological indicators in response to multiple pressures that convey ecosystem status for large marine ecosystems from the US Pacific, Atlantic, sub-Arctic, and Gulf of Mexico. We detected these thresholds of ecological indicators based on multiple pressures. Commercial fisheries landings above approximately 2–4.5 t km−2 and fisheries exploitation above 20–40% of the total estimated biomass (of invertebrates and fish) of the ecosystem resulted in a change in the direction of ecosystem structure and functioning in the ecosystems examined. Our comparative findings reveal common trends in ecosystem thresholds along pressure gradients and also indicate that thresholds of ecological indicators are useful tools for comparing the impacts of environmental and anthropogenic pressures across multiple ecosystems. These critical points can be used to inform the development of EBM decision criteria. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ecosystem-based management gradient forest thresholds-based reference points ecological indicators anthropogenic and environmental pressures comparative analysis Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
ecosystem-based management gradient forest thresholds-based reference points ecological indicators anthropogenic and environmental pressures comparative analysis Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Jamie C. Tam Jason S. Link Scott I. Large Kelly Andrews Kevin D. Friedland Jamison Gove Elliott Hazen Kirstin Holsman Mandy Karnauskas Jameal F. Samhouri Rebecca Shuford Nick Tomilieri Stephani Zador Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
topic_facet |
ecosystem-based management gradient forest thresholds-based reference points ecological indicators anthropogenic and environmental pressures comparative analysis Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Ecosystem-based management (EBM) in marine ecosystems considers impacts caused by complex interactions between environmental and anthropogenic pressures (i.e., oceanographic, climatic, socio-economic) and marine communities. EBM depends, in part, on ecological indicators that facilitate understanding of inherent properties and the dynamics of pressures within marine communities. Thresholds of ecological indicators delineate ecosystem status because they represent points at which a small increase in one or many pressure variables results in an abrupt change of ecosystem responses. The difficulty in developing appropriate thresholds and reference points for EBM lies in the multidimensionality of both the ecosystem responses and the pressures impacting the ecosystem. Here, we develop thresholds using gradient forest for a suite of ecological indicators in response to multiple pressures that convey ecosystem status for large marine ecosystems from the US Pacific, Atlantic, sub-Arctic, and Gulf of Mexico. We detected these thresholds of ecological indicators based on multiple pressures. Commercial fisheries landings above approximately 2–4.5 t km−2 and fisheries exploitation above 20–40% of the total estimated biomass (of invertebrates and fish) of the ecosystem resulted in a change in the direction of ecosystem structure and functioning in the ecosystems examined. Our comparative findings reveal common trends in ecosystem thresholds along pressure gradients and also indicate that thresholds of ecological indicators are useful tools for comparing the impacts of environmental and anthropogenic pressures across multiple ecosystems. These critical points can be used to inform the development of EBM decision criteria. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jamie C. Tam Jason S. Link Scott I. Large Kelly Andrews Kevin D. Friedland Jamison Gove Elliott Hazen Kirstin Holsman Mandy Karnauskas Jameal F. Samhouri Rebecca Shuford Nick Tomilieri Stephani Zador |
author_facet |
Jamie C. Tam Jason S. Link Scott I. Large Kelly Andrews Kevin D. Friedland Jamison Gove Elliott Hazen Kirstin Holsman Mandy Karnauskas Jameal F. Samhouri Rebecca Shuford Nick Tomilieri Stephani Zador |
author_sort |
Jamie C. Tam |
title |
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
title_short |
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
title_full |
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparing Apples to Oranges: Common Trends and Thresholds in Anthropogenic and Environmental Pressures across Multiple Marine Ecosystems |
title_sort |
comparing apples to oranges: common trends and thresholds in anthropogenic and environmental pressures across multiple marine ecosystems |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 https://doaj.org/article/89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 4 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 https://doaj.org/article/89f5f08e4db54370884ae262fa53b532 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00282 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
4 |
_version_ |
1766343356359639040 |