Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities
Abstract The microbial rearing quality influences the survival of marine larvae. Microbially matured water treatment systems (MMS) provide a more favourable rearing water microbiome than flow-through systems (FTS). It has previously been hypothesised, but not investigated, that initial rearing in MM...
Published in: | Scientific Reports |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x https://doaj.org/article/89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be 2023-05-15T15:27:22+02:00 Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities Madeleine S. Gundersen Olav Vadstein Peter De Schryver Kari Johanne Kihle Attramadal 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x https://doaj.org/article/89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be EN eng Nature Portfolio https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x 2045-2322 https://doaj.org/article/89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2022) Medicine R Science Q article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x 2022-12-30T19:38:32Z Abstract The microbial rearing quality influences the survival of marine larvae. Microbially matured water treatment systems (MMS) provide a more favourable rearing water microbiome than flow-through systems (FTS). It has previously been hypothesised, but not investigated, that initial rearing in MMS leaves a protective legacy effect in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua). We tested this hypothesis through a crossover 2 × 2 factorial experiment varying the rearing water treatment system (MMS vs FTS) and the microbial carrying capacity (+ /− added organic matter). At 9 days post-hatching, we switched the rearing water treatment system. By comparing switched and unswitched rearing tanks, we evaluated if legacy effects had been established in the larvae or their surrounding rearing water bacterial community. We analysed the bacterial communities with flow cytometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found no evidence that the initial rearing condition left a legacy effect in the communities by evaluating the bacterial community diversity and structure. Instead, the present rearing condition was the most important driver for differences in the rearing water microbiota. Furthermore, we found that MMS with high microbial carrying capacity appeared to seed a stable bacterial community to the rearing tanks. This finding highlights the importance of keeping a similar carrying capacity between the inlet and rearing water. Moreover, we reject the hypothesis that the initial rearing condition leaves a protective legacy effect in larvae, as the larval survival and robustness were linked to the present rearing condition. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of maintaining a beneficial microbial rearing environment from hatching and throughout the larval rearing period. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Scientific Reports 12 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Madeleine S. Gundersen Olav Vadstein Peter De Schryver Kari Johanne Kihle Attramadal Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Abstract The microbial rearing quality influences the survival of marine larvae. Microbially matured water treatment systems (MMS) provide a more favourable rearing water microbiome than flow-through systems (FTS). It has previously been hypothesised, but not investigated, that initial rearing in MMS leaves a protective legacy effect in Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua). We tested this hypothesis through a crossover 2 × 2 factorial experiment varying the rearing water treatment system (MMS vs FTS) and the microbial carrying capacity (+ /− added organic matter). At 9 days post-hatching, we switched the rearing water treatment system. By comparing switched and unswitched rearing tanks, we evaluated if legacy effects had been established in the larvae or their surrounding rearing water bacterial community. We analysed the bacterial communities with flow cytometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found no evidence that the initial rearing condition left a legacy effect in the communities by evaluating the bacterial community diversity and structure. Instead, the present rearing condition was the most important driver for differences in the rearing water microbiota. Furthermore, we found that MMS with high microbial carrying capacity appeared to seed a stable bacterial community to the rearing tanks. This finding highlights the importance of keeping a similar carrying capacity between the inlet and rearing water. Moreover, we reject the hypothesis that the initial rearing condition leaves a protective legacy effect in larvae, as the larval survival and robustness were linked to the present rearing condition. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of maintaining a beneficial microbial rearing environment from hatching and throughout the larval rearing period. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Madeleine S. Gundersen Olav Vadstein Peter De Schryver Kari Johanne Kihle Attramadal |
author_facet |
Madeleine S. Gundersen Olav Vadstein Peter De Schryver Kari Johanne Kihle Attramadal |
author_sort |
Madeleine S. Gundersen |
title |
Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
title_short |
Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
title_full |
Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
title_fullStr |
Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in Atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
title_sort |
aquaculture rearing systems induce no legacy effects in atlantic cod larvae or their rearing water bacterial communities |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x https://doaj.org/article/89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322 doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x 2045-2322 https://doaj.org/article/89e81db8b336414eb71f5a02c2f839be |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24149-x |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766357808173809664 |