The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs)
We investigate the effect of partial dissolution on the transport of chemicals in sea ice. Physically plausible mechanisms are added to a brine convection model that decouples chemicals from convecting brine. The model is evaluated against a recent observational dataset where a suite of qualitativel...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 https://doaj.org/article/8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 2023-09-05T13:22:59+02:00 The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) M. Thomas B. Cate J. Garnett I. J. Smith M. Vancoppenolle C. Halsall 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 https://doaj.org/article/8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/3193/2023/tc-17-3193-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 The Cryosphere, Vol 17, Pp 3193-3201 (2023) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 2023-08-13T00:39:44Z We investigate the effect of partial dissolution on the transport of chemicals in sea ice. Physically plausible mechanisms are added to a brine convection model that decouples chemicals from convecting brine. The model is evaluated against a recent observational dataset where a suite of qualitatively similar chemicals (poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances, PFASs) with quantitatively different physico-chemical properties were frozen into growing sea ice. With no decoupling the model performs poorly – underestimating the measured concentrations of high-chain-length PFASs. A decoupling scheme where PFASs are decoupled from salinity as a constant fraction of their brine concentration and a scheme where decoupling is proportional to the brine salinity give better performance and bring the model into reasonable agreement with observations. A scheme where the decoupling is proportional to the internal sea-ice surface area performs poorly. All decoupling schemes capture a general enrichment of longer-chained PFASs and can produce concentrations in the uppermost sea-ice layers above that of the underlying water concentration, as observed. Our results show that decoupling from convecting brine can enrich chemical concentrations in growing sea ice and can lead to bulk chemical concentrations greater than that of the liquid from which the sea ice is growing. Brine convection modelling is useful for predicting the dynamics of chemicals with more complex behaviour than sea salt, highlighting the potential of these modelling tools for a range of biogeochemical research areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 17 8 3193 3201 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 M. Thomas B. Cate J. Garnett I. J. Smith M. Vancoppenolle C. Halsall The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
We investigate the effect of partial dissolution on the transport of chemicals in sea ice. Physically plausible mechanisms are added to a brine convection model that decouples chemicals from convecting brine. The model is evaluated against a recent observational dataset where a suite of qualitatively similar chemicals (poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances, PFASs) with quantitatively different physico-chemical properties were frozen into growing sea ice. With no decoupling the model performs poorly – underestimating the measured concentrations of high-chain-length PFASs. A decoupling scheme where PFASs are decoupled from salinity as a constant fraction of their brine concentration and a scheme where decoupling is proportional to the brine salinity give better performance and bring the model into reasonable agreement with observations. A scheme where the decoupling is proportional to the internal sea-ice surface area performs poorly. All decoupling schemes capture a general enrichment of longer-chained PFASs and can produce concentrations in the uppermost sea-ice layers above that of the underlying water concentration, as observed. Our results show that decoupling from convecting brine can enrich chemical concentrations in growing sea ice and can lead to bulk chemical concentrations greater than that of the liquid from which the sea ice is growing. Brine convection modelling is useful for predicting the dynamics of chemicals with more complex behaviour than sea salt, highlighting the potential of these modelling tools for a range of biogeochemical research areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Thomas B. Cate J. Garnett I. J. Smith M. Vancoppenolle C. Halsall |
author_facet |
M. Thomas B. Cate J. Garnett I. J. Smith M. Vancoppenolle C. Halsall |
author_sort |
M. Thomas |
title |
The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
title_short |
The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
title_full |
The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
title_fullStr |
The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) |
title_sort |
effect of partial dissolution on sea-ice chemical transport: a combined model–observational study using poly- and perfluoroalkylated substances (pfass) |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 https://doaj.org/article/8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 |
genre |
Sea ice The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Sea ice The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 17, Pp 3193-3201 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/17/3193/2023/tc-17-3193-2023.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/8838fec43ed74ccea6e3b0d46f412cc3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3193-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
3193 |
op_container_end_page |
3201 |
_version_ |
1776203568714350592 |